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Lighting strongly influences indoor well-being, yet existing metrics like "Daylight Autonomy" and "Annual Solar Exposure" overlook circadian light. Research highlights circadian light's significant impact on human performance, creating a need to explore spatial factors affecting its distribution. This study examines the influence of surface reflectance, proximity to windows, windows' optical properties, and gaze direction on circadian light. Using the Lark Plugin for Grasshopper, simulations were conducted in a box-model room with ten glazing systems varying in visible transmittance. The results show that windows with a visible transmittance below 0.3 fail to provide adequate circadian light unless the gaze is perpendicular. Among surface reflectance factors, wall reflectance proved more critical than ceiling reflectance in optimizing circadian light exposure. 

Windows are one of the main contributors to building energy consumption, and emerging dynamic window technologies offer improved performance. Specifically, NIRfocused window technologies are desirable in climates that consume both heating and cooling energy. However, the whole building energy effects of changeable NIR response of building windows have not been captured, largely due to the lack of an appropriate energy simulation method and NIR-focused window modeling. This study focuses on developing a simulation method that enables the comprehensive evaluation of the whole building energy effects of dynamic NIR modulations. Using an EnergyPlus EMS-based parametric framework, annual energy savings were estimated for a switchable between glass built-in system across three representative cities in ASHRAE climate zones 3, 4, and 5. This NIR-focused technology yielded energy savings of up to 19%. The results demonstrate the effects of NIR-focused window technologies on heating and cooling loads in different climates.