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Abstract Using the invariant theory of arc spaces, we find minimal strong generating sets for certain cosets of affine vertex algebras inside free field algebras that are related to classical Howe duality. These results have several applications. First, for any vertex algebra $${{\mathcal {V}}}$$, we have a surjective homomorphism of differential algebras $$\mathbb {C}[J_{\infty }(X_{{{\mathcal {V}}}})] \rightarrow \text {gr}^{F}({{\mathcal {V}}})$$; equivalently, the singular support of $${{\mathcal {V}}}$$ is a closed subscheme of the arc space of the associated scheme $$X_{{{\mathcal {V}}}}$$. We give many new examples of classically free vertex algebras (i.e., this map is an isomorphism), including $$L_{k}({{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {p}}}_{2n})$$ for all positive integers $$n$$ and $$k$$. We also give new examples where the kernel of this map is nontrivial but is finitely generated as a differential ideal. Next, we prove a coset realization of the subregular $${{\mathcal {W}}}$$-algebra of $${{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {l}}}_{n}$$ at a critical level that was previously conjectured by Creutzig, Gao, and the 1st author. Finally, we give some new level-rank dualities involving affine vertex superalgebras. 

Abstract We show that the affine vertex superalgebra $V^k\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2n}\right)$V^{k}(\mathfrak{osp}_{1|2n})at generic level 𝑘 embeds in the equivariant 𝒲-algebra of $\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}$\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}times $4n$4nfree fermions.This has two corollaries:(1) it provides a new proof that, for generic 𝑘, the coset $\mathrm{Com}(V^k\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right),V^k\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2n}\right))$\operatorname{Com}(V^{k}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}),V^{k}(\mathfrak{osp}_{1|2n}))is isomorphic to ${\mathcal{W}}^{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)$\mathcal{W}^{\ell}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})for $\mathrm{\ell }=-\left(n+1\right)+\left(k+n+1\right)/\left(2k+2n+1\right)$\ell=-(n+1)+(k+n+1)/(2k+2n+1), and(2) we obtain the decomposition of ordinary $V^k\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2n}\right)$V^{k}(\mathfrak{osp}_{1|2n})-modules into $V^k\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)\otimes {\mathcal{W}}^{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)$V^{k}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})\otimes\mathcal{W}^{\ell}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})-modules.Next, if 𝑘 is an admissible level and ℓ is a non-degenerate admissible level for $\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}$\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}, we show that the simple algebra $L_k\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2n}\right)$L_{k}(\mathfrak{osp}_{1|2n})is an extension of the simple subalgebra $L_k\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)\otimes {\mathcal{W}}_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)$L_{k}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})\otimes{\mathcal{W}}_{\ell}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n}).Using the theory of vertex superalgebra extensions, we prove that the category of ordinary $L_k\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2n}\right)$L_{k}(\mathfrak{osp}_{1|2n})-modules is a semisimple, rigid vertex tensor supercategory with only finitely many inequivalent simple objects.It is equivalent to a certain subcategory of ${\mathcal{W}}_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)$\mathcal{W}_{\ell}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})-modules.A similar result also holds for the category of Ramond twisted modules.Due to a recent theorem of Robert McRae, we get as a corollary that categories of ordinary $L_k\left(\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{2n}\right)$L_{k}(\mathfrak{sp}_{2n})-modules are rigid. 

This is the third in a series of papers on standard monomial theory and invariant theory of arc spaces. For any algebraically closed field K, we prove the arc space analogue of the first and second fundamental theorems of invariant theory for the special linear group. This is more subtle than the results for the general linear and symplectic groups obtained in the first two papers because the arc space of the corresponding affine quotients can be nonreduced. 

This is the second in a series of papers on standard monomial theory and invariant theory of arc spaces. For any algebraically closed field $K$, we construct a standard monomial basis for the arc space of the Pfaffian variety over $K$. As an application, we prove the arc space analogue of the first and second fundamental theorems of invariant theory for the symplectic group. 

The question of when a vertex algebra is a quantization of the arc space of its associated scheme has recently received a lot of attention in both the mathematics and physics literature. This property was first studied by Tomoyuki Arakawa and Anne Moreau (see their paper in the references), and was given the name \lq\lq classical freeness by Jethro van Ekeren and Reimundo Heluani [Comm. Math. Phys. 386 (2021), no. 1, pp. 495-550] in their work on chiral homology. Later, it was extended to vertex superalgebras by Hao Li [Eur. J. Math. 7 (2021), pp. 1689–1728]. In this note, we prove the classical freeness of the simple affine vertex superalgebra $L_n\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{m|2r}\right)$for all positive integers $m,n,r$satisfying $-<\#comment/>\frac{m}{2}+r+n+1>0$. In particular, it holds for the rational vertex superalgebras $L_n\left(\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{p}}_{1|2r}\right)$for all positive integers $r,n$. 

This is the first in a series of papers on standard monomial theory and invariant theory of arc spaces. For any algebraically closed field [Formula: see text], we construct a standard monomial basis for the arc space of the determinantal variety over [Formula: see text]. As an application, we prove the arc space analogue of the first and second fundamental theorems of invariant theory for the general linear group.