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Abstract We consider the $$\mathbb {T}^{4}$$ cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), which is energy-critical. We study the unconditional uniqueness of solutions to the NLS via the cubic Gross–Pitaevskii hierarchy, an uncommon method for NLS analysis which is being explored [24, 35] and does not require the existence of a solution in Strichartz-type spaces. We prove U - V multilinear estimates to replace the previously used Sobolev multilinear estimates. To incorporate the weaker estimates, we work out new combinatorics from scratch and compute, for the first time, the time integration limits, in the recombined Duhamel–Born expansion. The new combinatorics and the U - V estimates then seamlessly conclude the $$H^{1}$$ unconditional uniqueness for the NLS under the infinite-hierarchy framework. This work establishes a unified scheme to prove $$H^{1}$$ uniqueness for the $$ \mathbb {R}^{3}/\mathbb {R}^{4}/\mathbb {T}^{3}/\mathbb {T}^{4}$$ energy-critical Gross–Pitaevskii hierarchies and thus the corresponding NLS.