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Abstract We report the results of an analysis of the Hβemission line region of a sample of 30 low-redshift (z< 1) iron low-ionization broad absorption line quasars (FeLoBALQs). Eleven of these objects are newly classified as FeLoBALQs. A matched sample of 132 unabsorbed quasars was analyzed in parallel. The emission lines showed the well-known anticorrelation between the [Oiii] and Feiiemission. Using a summary statistic calledE1 to quantify this anticorrelation, we found that while the distribution ofE1 for the unabsorbed quasars has a single peak, the FeLoBALQs have a bimodal shape in this parameter. Previous studies have shown that the line emission properties of BAL and non-BALQs are consistent; therefore, the difference in the Hβregion emission between FeLoBALQs and unabsorbed quasars is a new result. The two populations of FeLoBALQs are characterized by low and high bolometric luminosities and Eddington ratios. Some previous studies have suggested that BALQs are high accretion rate objects and therefore the discovery of the low accretion rate branch of FeLoBAL quasars was unexpected. We also found that the HβFWHM is systematically broader among the FeLoBALQs, implying a higher inclination viewing angle or a dearth of low velocity line emitting gas. 

Abstract We present continued analysis of a sample of low-redshift iron low-ionization broad-absorption-line quasars (FeLoBALQs). Choi et al. presentedSimBALspectral analysis of broad-absorption-line (BAL) outflows in 50 objects. Leighly et al. analyzed the optical emission lines of 30 of those 50 objects and found that they are characterized by either a high accretion rate (L_Bol/L_Edd> 0.3) or low accretion rate (0.03 <L_Bol/L_Edd< 0.3). We report that the outflow velocity is inversely correlated with the BAL location among the high-accretion-rate objects, with the highest velocities observed in parsec-scale outflows. In contrast, the low-Eddington-ratio objects showed the opposite trend. We confirmed the known relationship between the outflow velocity andL_Bol/L_Eddand found that the scatter plausibly originates in the force multiplier (launch radius) in the low(high)-accretion-rate objects. A log volume filling factor between −6 and −4 was found in most outflows but was as high as −1 for low-velocity compact outflows. We investigated the relationship between the observed [Oiii] emission and that predicted from the BAL gas. We found that these could be reconciled if the emission-line covering fraction depends on the Seyfert type and BAL location. The difference between the predicted and observed [Oiii] luminosity is correlated with the outflow velocity, suggesting that [Oiii] emission in high-Eddington-ratio objects may be broad and hidden under Feiiemission. We suggest that the physical differences in the outflow properties as a function of location in the quasar and accretion rate point to different formation, acceleration, and confinement mechanisms for the two FeLoBALQ types. 

Abstract We present the first systematic study of 50 low-redshift (0.66 <z< 1.63) iron low-ionization broad absorption-line quasars (FeLoBALQs) usingSimBAL, which represents a more than five-fold increase in the number of FeLoBALQs with detailed absorption line spectral analyses. We found the outflows have a wide range of ionization parameters, $-4\lesssim \log U\lesssim 1.2$and densities, $2.8\lesssim \log n\lesssim 8\left[{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}\right]$. The objects in our sample showed FeLoBAL gas located at a wide range of distances $0\lesssim \log R\lesssim 4.4$[pc], although we do not find any evidence for disk winds (withR≪ 0.01 pc) in our sample. The outflow strength primarily depends on the outflow velocity with faster outflows found in quasars that are luminous or that have flat or redder spectral energy distributions. We found that ∼18% of the FeLoBALQs in the sample have the significantly powerful outflows needed for quasar feedback. Eight objects showedoverlapping troughsin the spectra, and we identified elevenloitering outflowobjects, a new class of FeLoBALQs that are characterized by low outflow velocities and high column density winds located $\log R\lesssim 1$[pc] from the central engine. The FeLoBALs in loitering outflows objects do not show properties expected for radiatively driven winds, and these objects may represent a distinct population among FeLoBALQs. We discuss how the potential acceleration mechanisms and the origins of the FeLoBAL winds may differ for outflows at different locations in quasars.