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We derivea prioriestimates for the compressible free boundary Euler equations in the case of a liquid without surface tension. We provide a new weighted functional framework which leads to the improved regularity of the flow map by using the Hardy inequality. One of main ideas is to decompose the initial density function. It is worth mentioning that in our analysis we do not need the higher order wave equation for the density.

 

In the supercritical range of the polytropic indices$$\gamma \in (1,\frac{4}{3})$$$\gamma \in (1,\frac{4}{3})$we show the existence of smooth radially symmetric self-similar solutions to the gravitational Euler–Poisson system. These solutions exhibit gravitational collapse in the sense that the density blows up in finite time. Some of these solutions were numerically found by Yahil in 1983 and they can be thought of as polytropic analogues of the Larson–Penston collapsing solutions in the isothermal case$$\gamma =1$$$\gamma =1$. They each contain a sonic point, which leads to numerous mathematical difficulties in the existence proof.

 

Abstract In 1990, based on numerical and formal asymptotic analysis, Ori and Piran predicted the existence of selfsimilar spacetimes, called relativistic Larson-Penston solutions, that can be suitably flattened to obtain examples of spacetimes that dynamically form naked singularities from smooth initial data, and solve the radially symmetric Einstein-Euler system. Despite its importance, a rigorous proof of the existence of such spacetimes has remained elusive, in part due to the complications associated with the analysis across the so-called sonic hypersurface. We provide a rigorous mathematical proof. Our strategy is based on a delicate study of nonlinear invariances associated with the underlying non-autonomous dynamical system to which the problem reduces after a selfsimilar reduction. Key technical ingredients are a monotonicity lemma tailored to the problem, an ad hoc shooting method developed to construct a solution connecting the sonic hypersurface to the so-called Friedmann solution, and a nonlinear argument to construct the maximal analytic extension of the solution. Finally, we reformulate the problem in double-null gauge to flatten the selfsimilar profile and thus obtain an asymptotically flat spacetime with an isolated naked singularity. 

We address the Mach limit problem for the Euler equations in an exterior domain with an analytic boundary. We first prove the existence of tangential analytic vector fields for the exterior domain with constant analyticity radii and introduce an analytic norm in which we distinguish derivatives taken from different directions. Then we prove the uniform boundedness of the solutions in the analytic space on a time interval independent of the Mach number, and Mach limit holds in the analytic norm. The results extend more generally to Gevrey initial data with convergence in a Gevrey norm.

 

In this paper, we study fermion ground states of the relativistic Vlasov-Poisson system arising in the semiclassical limit from relativistic quantum theory of white dwarfs. We show that fermion ground states of the three dimensional relativistic Vlasov-Poisson system exist for subcritical mass, the mass density of such fermion ground states satisfies the Chandrasekhar equation for white dwarfs, and that they are orbitally stable as long as solutions exist.