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Transportation infrastructure experiences distress due to aging, overuse, and climate changes. To reduce maintenance costs and labor, researchers have developed various structural health monitoring systems. However, the existing systems are designed for short-term monitoring and do not quantify structural parameters. A long-term monitoring system that quantifies structural parameters is needed to improve the quality of monitoring. In this work, a novel Transportation Rf-bAsed Monitoring (TRAM) system is proposed. TRAM is a multi-parameter monitoring system that relies on embeddable backscatter-based, batteryless, and radio-frequency sensors. The system can monitor structural parameters with 3D spatial and temporal information. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a 1D scale to evaluate and examine the sensitivity and reliability of the monitored structural parameters, which are displacement and water content. In contrast to other existing methods, TRAM correlates phase change to the change in concerned parameters, enabling long-term monitoring.