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With the ever-increasing hardware design complexity comes the realization that efforts required for hardware verification increase at an even faster rate. Driven by the push from the desired verification productivity boost and the pull from leap-ahead capabilities of machine learning (ML), recent years have witnessed the emergence of exploiting ML-based techniques to improve the efficiency of hardware verification. In this article, we present a panoramic view of how ML-based techniques are embraced in hardware design verification, from formal verification to simulation-based verification, from academia to industry, and from current progress to future prospects. We envision that the adoption of ML-based techniques will pave the road for more scalable, more intelligent, and more productive hardware verification.more » « less
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This paper addresses the complex issue of resource-constrained scheduling, an NP-hard problem that spans critical areas including chip design and high-performance computing. Tradi- tional scheduling methods often stumble over scal- ability and applicability challenges. We propose a novel approach using a differentiable combina- torial scheduling framework, utilizing Gumbel- Softmax differentiable sampling technique. This new technical allows for a fully differentiable formulation of linear programming (LP) based scheduling, extending its application to a broader range of LP formulations. To encode inequality constraints for scheduling tasks, we introduce con- strained Gumbel Trick, which adeptly encodes arbitrary inequality constraints. Consequently, our method facilitates an efficient and scalable scheduling via gradient descent without the need for training data. Comparative evaluations on both synthetic and real-world benchmarks high- light our capability to significantly improve the optimization efficiency of scheduling, surpassing state-of-the-art solutions offered by commercial and open-source solvers such as CPLEX, Gurobi, and CP-SAT in the majority of the designs.more » « less
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