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Title: Three gene phylogeny of the Thoreales (Rhodophyta) reveals high species diversity

The freshwater red algal order Thoreales has triphasic life history composed of a diminutive diploid “Chantransia” stage, a distinctive macroscopic gametophyte with multi‐axial growth and carposporophytes that develop on the gametophyte thallus. This order is comprised of two genera,ThoreaandNemalionopsis.Thoreahas been widely reported with numerous species, whereasNemalionopsishas been more rarely observed with only a few species described.DNAsequences from three loci (rbcL,cox1, andLSU) were used to examine the phylogenetic affinity of specimens collected from geographically distant locations including North America, South America, Europe, Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, China, and India. Sixteen species ofThoreaand two species ofNemalionopsiswere recognized. Morphological observations confirmed the distinctness of the two genera and also provided some characters to distinguish species. However, many of the collections were in “Chantransia” stage rather than gametophyte stage, meaning that key diagnostic morphological characters were unavailable. Three new species are proposed primarily based on theDNAsequence data generated in this study,Thorea kokosinga‐pueschelii,T. mauitukitukii,andT. quisqueyana. In addition to these newly described species, oneDNAsequence from GenBank was not closely associated with otherThoreaclades and may represent further diversity in the genus. Two species inNemalionopsisare recognized,N. shawiiandN. parkerinom. et stat. nov.Thoreaharbors more diversity than had been recognized by morphological data alone. Distribution data indicated thatNemalionopsisis common in the Pacific region, whereasThoreais more globally distributed. Most species ofThoreahave a regional distribution, butThorea hispidaappears to be cosmopolitan.

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NSF-PAR ID:
10051518
Author(s) / Creator(s):
 ;  ;  ;  ;  ;
Publisher / Repository:
Wiley-Blackwell
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Journal of Phycology
Volume:
54
Issue:
2
ISSN:
0022-3646
Page Range / eLocation ID:
p. 159-170
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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