Tephra is a unique volcanic product with an unparalleled role in understanding past eruptions, the long-term behavior of volcanoes, and the effects of volcanism on climate and the environment. Tephra deposits also provide spatially widespread, extremely high-resolution time-stratigraphic markers across a range of sedimentary settings and are used by many disciplines (e.g. volcanology, seismotectonics, climate science, archaeology, ecology, public health, ash impact assessment). The interdisciplinary shift in tephra studies over the last two decades is challenged by the lack of standardization that often prevents comparison amongst various regions and across disciplines. To address this challenge, the global tephra community has united through a series of workshops to establish best practice recommendations for tephra studies, including sample collection, analysis and data reporting (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3866266). This new standardized framework is being incorporated into digital tools and data repositories and supports FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) data principles. Widespread adoption will facilitate consistent tephra documentation and parametrization, foster interdisciplinary communication and improve the effectiveness of data sharing among diverse communities of researchers. Here we report on recent implementations of the best-practice recommendations including: 1) a set of templates for samples, methods documentation, and data reporting, 2) a tephra module in the StraboSpot fieldmore »
Plume-SPH 1.0: a three-dimensional, dusty-gas volcanic plume model based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Abstract. Plume-SPH provides the first particle-based simulation ofvolcanic plumes. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has several advantagesover currently used mesh-based methods in modeling of multiphase freeboundary flows like volcanic plumes. This tool will provide more accurateeruption source terms to users of volcanic ash transport anddispersion models (VATDs), greatly improving volcanic ash forecasts. The accuracy ofthese terms is crucial for forecasts from VATDs, and the 3-D SPH modelpresented here will provide better numerical accuracy. As an initial effortto exploit the feasibility and advantages of SPH in volcanic plume modeling,we adopt a relatively simple physics model (3-D dusty-gas dynamic modelassuming well-mixed eruption material, dynamic equilibrium and thermodynamicequilibrium between erupted material and air that entrained into the plume,and minimal effect of winds) targeted at capturing the salient features of avolcanic plume. The documented open-source code is easily obtained andextended to incorporate other models of physics of interest to the largecommunity of researchers investigating multiphase free boundary flows ofvolcanic or other origins.
The Plume-SPH code (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.572819) also incorporates several newly developed techniques inSPH needed to address numerical challenges in simulating multiphasecompressible turbulent flow. The code should thus be also of general interestto the much larger community of researchers using and developing SPH-basedtools. In particular, more »
The core solver of our model is parallelized with the message passinginterface (MPI) obtaining good weak and strong scalability using novel techniquesfor data management using space-filling curves (SFCs), object creationtime-based indexing and hash-table-based storage schemes. These techniques areof interest to researchers engaged in developing particles in cell-typemethods. The code is first verified by 1-D shock tube tests, then bycomparing velocity and concentration distribution along the central axis andon the transverse cross with experimental results of JPUE (jet or plume thatis ejected from a nozzle into a uniform environment). Profiles of severalintegrated variables are compared with those calculated by existing 3-D plumemodels for an eruption with the same mass eruption rate (MER) estimated forthe Mt. Pinatubo eruption of 15 June 1991. Our results are consistent withexisting 3-D plume models. Analysis of the plume evolution processdemonstrates that this model is able to reproduce the physics of plumedevelopment.
- Award ID(s):
- 1821311
- Publication Date:
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10111349
- Journal Name:
- Geoscientific Model Development
- Volume:
- 11
- Issue:
- 7
- Page Range or eLocation-ID:
- 2691 to 2715
- ISSN:
- 1991-9603
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Publisher's Version of Record
- https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2691-2018
