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Title: Stochastic control and non-equilibrium thermodynamics: fundamental limits
We consider damped stochastic systems in a controlled (time-varying) potential and study their transition between specified Gibbs-equilibria states in finite time. By the second law of thermody- namics, the minimum amount of work needed to transition from one equilibrium state to another is the difference between the Helmholtz free energy of the two states and can only be achieved by a reversible (infinitely slow) process. The minimal gap between the work needed in a finite-time transition and the work during a reversible one, turns out to equal the square of the optimal mass transport (Wasserstein- 2) distance between the two end-point distributions times the inverse of the duration needed for the transition. This result, in fact, relates non-equilibrium optimal control strategies (protocols) to gradient flows of entropy functionals via the Jordan-Kinderlehrer-Otto scheme. The purpose of this paper is to introduce ideas and results from the emerging field of stochastic thermodynamics in the setting of classical regulator theory, and to draw connections and derive such fundamental relations from a control perspective in a multivariable setting.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1665031 1901599 1839441 1807664
NSF-PAR ID:
10114183
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
ISSN:
0018-9286
Page Range / eLocation ID:
1 to 1
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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