skip to main content


Title: Test Architecture for Fine Grained Capture Power Reduction
Excessive power during in–field testing can cause multiple issues, including invalidation of the test results, overheating, and damage to the circuit. In this paper, we evaluate the reduction of capture power when specific segments of a scan chain can be kept from capturing data subject to values stored in a control register. The proposed approach requires no changes to the Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG), no redesign of the circuitry to match a particular test set, and no additional patterns to maintain fault coverage. We will show that our approach can achieve very high capture power reduction— approaching 100% for multiple patterns.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1814928
NSF-PAR ID:
10118879
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Abstract—Excessive power during in–field testing can cause multiple issues, including invalidation of the test results, overheating, and damage to the circuit. In this paper, we evaluate the reduction of capture power when specific segments of a scan chain can be kept from capturing data subject to values stored in a control register. The proposed approach requires no changes to the Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG), no redesign of the circuitry to match a particular test set, and no additional patterns to maintain fault coverage. We will show that our approach can achieve very high capture power reduction—approaching 100% for multiple patterns. Index Terms—Design for Testability (DFT), Low Power Test, On-Chip Decompressor 
    more » « less
  2. Excessive test power can cause multiple issues at manufacturing as well as during field test. To reduce both shift and capture power during test, we propose a DFT-based approach where we split the scan chains into segments and use extra control bits inserted between the segments to determine whether a particular segment will capture. A significant advantage of this approach is that a standard ATPG tool is capable of automatically generating the appropriate values for the control bits in the test patterns. This is true not only for stuck-at fault test sets, but for Launch-off-Capture (LOC) transition tests as well. It eliminates the need for expensive post processing or modification of the ATPG tool. Up to 37% power reduction can be achieved for a stuck-at test set while up to 35% reduction can be achieved for a transition test set for the circuits studied. 
    more » « less
  3. null (Ed.)
    Excessive test power can cause multiple issues at manufacturing as well as during field test. To reduce both shift and capture power during test, we propose a DFT-based approach where we split the scan chains into segments and use extra control bits inserted between the segments to determine whether a particular segment will capture. A significant advantage of this approach is that a standard ATPG tool is capable of automatically generating the appropriate values for the control bits in the test patterns. This is true not only for stuck-at fault test sets, but for Launch-off-Capture (LOC) transition tests as well. It eliminates the need for expensive post processing or modification of the ATPG tool. Up to 37% power reduction can be achieved for a stuck-at test set while up to 35% reduction can be achieved for a transition test set for the circuits studied. 
    more » « less
  4. Abstract River deltas all over the world are sinking beneath sea-level rise, causing significant threats to natural and social systems. This is due to the combined effects of anthropogenic changes to sediment supply and river flow, subsidence, and sea-level rise, posing an immediate threat to the 500–1,000 million residents, many in megacities that live on deltaic coasts. The Mississippi River Deltaic Plain (MRDP) provides examples for many of the functions and feedbacks, regarding how human river management has impacted source-sink processes in coastal deltaic basins, resulting in human settlements more at risk to coastal storms. The survival of human settlement on the MRDP is arguably coupled to a shifting mass balance between a deltaic landscape occupied by either land built by the Mississippi River or water occupied by the Gulf of Mexico. We developed an approach to compare 50 % L:W isopleths (L:W is ratio of land to water) across the Atchafalaya and Terrebonne Basins to test landscape behavior over the last six decades to measure delta instability in coastal deltaic basins as a function of reduced sediment supply from river flooding. The Atchafalaya Basin, with continued sediment delivery, compared to Terrebonne Basin, with reduced river inputs, allow us to test assumptions of how coastal deltaic basins respond to river management over the last 75 years by analyzing landward migration rate of 50 % L:W isopleths between 1932 and 2010. The average landward migration for Terrebonne Basin was nearly 17,000 m (17 km) compared to only 22 m in Atchafalaya Basin over the last 78 years (p\0.001), resulting in migration rates of 218 m/year (0.22 km/year) and\0.5 m/year, respectively. In addition, freshwater vegetation expanded in Atchafalaya Basin since 1949 compared to migration of intermediate and brackish marshes landward in the Terrebonne Basin. Changes in salt marsh vegetation patterns were very distinct in these two basins with gain of 25 % in the Terrebonne Basin compared to 90 % decrease in the Atchafalaya Basin since 1949. These shifts in vegetation types as L:W ratio decreases with reduced sediment input and increase in salinity also coincide with an increase in wind fetch in Terrebonne Bay. In the upper Terrebonne Bay, where the largest landward migration of the 50 % L:W ratio isopleth occurred, we estimate that the wave power has increased by 50–100 % from 1932 to 2010, as the bathymetric and topographic conditions changed, and increase in maximum storm-surge height also increased owing to the landward migration of the L:W ratio isopleth. We argue that this balance of land relative to water in this delta provides a much clearer understanding of increased flood risk from tropical cyclones rather than just estimates of areal land loss. We describe how coastal deltaic basins of the MRDP can be used as experimental landscapes to provide insights into how varying degrees of sediment delivery to coastal deltaic floodplains change flooding risks of a sinking delta using landward migrations of 50 % L:W isopleths. The nonlinear response of migrating L:W isopleths as wind fetch increases is a critical feedback effect that should influence human river-management decisions in deltaic coast. Changes in land area alone do not capture how corresponding landscape degradation and increased water area can lead to exponential increase in flood risk to human populations in low-lying coastal regions. Reduced land formation in coastal deltaic basins (measured by changes in the land:water ratio) can contribute significantly to increasing flood risks by removing the negative feedback of wetlands on wave and storm-surge that occur during extreme weather events. Increased flood risks will promote population migration as human risks associated with living in a deltaic landscape increase, as land is submerged and coastal inundation threats rise. These system linkages in dynamic deltaic coasts define a balance of river management and human settlement dependent on a certain level of land area within coastal deltaic basins (L). 
    more » « less
  5. Abstract Background

    The identification of genomic regions affected by selection is one of the most important goals in population genetics. If temporal data are available, allele frequency changes at SNP positions are often used for this purpose. Here we provide a new testing approach that uses haplotype frequencies instead of allele frequencies.

    Results

    Using simulated data, we show that compared to SNP based test, our approach has higher power, especially when the number of candidate haplotypes is small or moderate. To improve power when the number of haplotypes is large, we investigate methods to combine them with a moderate number of haplotype subsets. Haplotype frequencies can often be recovered with less noise than SNP frequencies, especially under pool sequencing, giving our test an additional advantage. Furthermore, spurious outlier SNPs may lead to false positives, a problem usually not encountered when working with haplotypes. Post hoc tests for the number of selected haplotypes and for differences between their selection coefficients are also provided for a better understanding of the underlying selection dynamics. An application on a real data set further illustrates the performance benefits.

    Conclusions

    Due to less multiple testing correction and noise reduction, haplotype based testing is able to outperform SNP based tests in terms of power in most scenarios.

     
    more » « less