skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Title: Phase-matched nonlinear second-harmonic generation in plasmonic metasurfaces
Abstract The phase matching between the propagating fundamental and nonlinearly generated waves plays an important role in the efficiency of the nonlinear frequency conversion in macroscopic crystals. However, in nanoscale samples, such as nanoplasmonic structures, the phase-matching condition is often ignored due to the sub-wavelength nature of the materials. Here, we first show that the phase matching of the lattice plasmon modes at the fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies in a plasmonic nanoantenna array can effectively enhance the surface-enhanced second-harmonic generation. Additionally, a significant enhancement of the second-harmonic generation is demonstrated using stationary band-edge lattice plasmon modes with zero phase.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1741691
PAR ID:
10123404
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Nanophotonics
Volume:
8
Issue:
4
ISSN:
2192-8614
Page Range / eLocation ID:
607 to 612
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. We report cavity-enhanced second-harmonic generation and difference-frequency generation in a high-Q lithium niobate microring resonator with modal phase matching. The second-harmonic generation efficiency is measured to be 1,500% W􀀀1. 
    more » « less
  2. Abstract Diamond has attracted great interest as an appealing material for various applications ranging from classical to quantum optics. To date, Raman lasers, single photon sources, quantum sensing and quantum communication have been demonstrated with integrated diamond devices. However, studies of the nonlinear optical properties of diamond have been limited, especially at the nanoscale. Here, a metasurface consisting of plasmonic nanogap cavities is used to enhance both χ (2) and χ (3) nonlinear optical processes in a wedge-shaped diamond slab with a thickness down to 12 nm. Multiple nonlinear processes were enhanced simultaneously due to the relaxation of phase-matching conditions in subwavelength plasmonic structures by matching two excitation wavelengths with the fundamental and second-order modes of the nanogap cavities. Specifically, third-harmonic generation (THG) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) are both enhanced 1.6 × 10 7 -fold, while four-wave mixing is enhanced 3.0 × 10 5 -fold compared to diamond without the metasurface. Even though diamond lacks a bulk χ (2) due to centrosymmetry, the observed SHG arises from the surface χ (2) of the diamond slab and is enhanced by the metasurface elements. The efficient, deeply subwavelength diamond frequency converter demonstrated in this work suggests an approach for conversion of color center emission to telecom wavelengths directly in diamond. 
    more » « less
  3. We use 2.4-micron laser pulses to produce second-harmonic generation via random quasi-phase-matching in ZnS. Using a frequency-resolved optical gating system, we reconstruct the complex temporal profile of the second-harmonic pulses. 
    more » « less
  4. null (Ed.)
    Abstract We experimentally demonstrate the spatial self-cleaning of a highly multimode optical beam, in the process of second-harmonic generation in a quadratic nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate crystal. As the beam energy grows larger, the output beam from the crystal evolves from a highly speckled intensity pattern into a single, bell-shaped spot, sitting on a low energy background. We demonstrate that quadratic beam cleanup is accompanied by significant self-focusing of the fundamental beam, for both positive and negative signs of the linear phase mismatch close to the phase-matching condition. 
    more » « less
  5. High-fidelity periodic poling over long lengths is required for robust, quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation using the fundamental, quasi-TE polarized waveguide modes in a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) waveguide. Here, a shallow-etched ridge waveguide is fabricated in x-cut magnesium oxide doped TFLN and is poled accurately over 5 mm. The high fidelity of the poling is demonstrated over long lengths using a non-destructive technique of confocal scanning second-harmonic microscopy. We report a second-harmonic conversion efficiency of up to 939 %.W−1(length-normalized conversion efficiency 3757 %.W−1.cm−2), measured at telecommunications wavelengths. The device demonstrates a narrow spectral linewidth (1 nm) and can be tuned precisely with a tuning characteristic of 0.1 nm/°C, over at least 40 °C without measurable loss of efficiency. 
    more » « less