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1. Direct measurement of volume flux in the Faroe-Shetland Channel and over the Iceland-Faroe Ridge: DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF CURRENTS

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051269  

   Rossby, T.; Flagg, C. N. (April 2012, Geophysical Research Letters)
2. The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926  

   Foulger, Gillian R.; Doré, Tony; Emeleus, C. Henry; Franke, Dieter; Geoffroy, Laurent; Gernigon, Laurent; Hey, Richard; Holdsworth, Robert E.; Hole, Malcolm; Höskuldsson, Ármann; et al (July 2020, Earth-Science Reviews)
3. Discovery of an unrecognized pathway carrying overflow waters toward the Faroe Bank Channel

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17426-8  

   Chafik, Léon; Hátún, Hjálmar; Kjellsson, Joakim; Larsen, Karin Margretha; Rossby, Thomas; Berx, Barbara (December 2020, Nature Communications)
4. Evidence of a Slope Jet Transporting Dense Water toward the Faroe Bank Channel

   Semper, S; Pickart, R; Vage, K; Larsen, K; Hansen, B; Hatun, H (January 2020, Ocean science)

   The densest overflow water from the Nordic Seas passes through the Faroe Bank Channel and contributes to the headwaters to the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The upstream pathways of this dense overflow water are not well known. Using data from a high-resolution hydrographic/velocity survey in 2011, as well as long-term moored velocity and shipboard hydrographic measurements north of the Faroe Islands, we present evidence of a current following the continental slope from Iceland toward the Faroe Bank Channel. This narrow current, which we call the Iceland-Faroe Slope Jet (IFSJ), is bottom-intensified and associated with dense water banked up on the slope. North of the Faroe Islands the IFSJ is situated beneath the Faroe Current, and its variability is tightly linked to the flow of Atlantic Water above. The bulk of the IFSJ’s volume transport is confined to a small area in ϴ-S space centered near a potential density anomaly of 28.06 kg m-3. This is slightly denser than the transport mode of the North Icelandic Jet, which follows shallower isobaths along the slope north of Iceland in the opposite direction and feeds the Denmark Strait overflow. However, the similarity of the hydrographic properties suggests that the two currents have a common source. The average transport of water denser than σϴ = 27.8 kg m-3 in the IFSJ is on the order of 1 Sv, which may account for roughly 50% of the overflow through the Faroe Bank Channel. 

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5. Sedimentary DNA and molecular evidence for early human occupation of the Faroe Islands

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00318-0  

   Curtin, Lorelei; D’Andrea, William J.; Balascio, Nicholas L.; Shirazi, Sabrina; Shapiro, Beth; de Wet, Gregory A.; Bradley, Raymond S.; Bakke, Jostein (December 2021, Communications Earth & Environment)

   Abstract The Faroe Islands, a North Atlantic archipelago between Norway and Iceland, were settled by Viking explorers in the mid-9th century CE. However, several indirect lines of evidence suggest earlier occupation of the Faroes by people from the British Isles. Here, we present sedimentary ancient DNA and molecular fecal biomarker evidence from a lake sediment core proximal to a prominent archaeological site in the Faroe Islands to establish the earliest date for the arrival of people in the watershed. Our results reveal an increase in fecal biomarker concentrations and the first appearance of sheep DNA at 500 CE (95% confidence interval 370-610 CE), pre-dating Norse settlements by 300 years. Sedimentary plant DNA indicates an increase in grasses and the disappearance of woody plants, likely due to livestock grazing. This provides unequivocal evidence for human arrival and livestock disturbance in the Faroe Islands centuries before Viking settlement in the 9th century. 

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