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1. The n -by- T Target Discharge Strategy for Inpatient Units

   https://doi.org/10.1177/0272989X17691735  

   Parikh, Pratik J. ; Ballester, Nicholas ; Ramsey, Kylie ; Kong, Nan ; Pook, Nancy ( July 2017 , Medical Decision Making)
2. Silencing of AtRAP , a target gene of a bacteria-induced small RNA, triggers antibacterial defense responses through activation of LSU2 and down-regulation of GLK1

   https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14654  

   Wang, Huan ; Seo, Jang-Kyun ; Gao, Shang ; Cui, Xinping ; Jin, Hailing ( August 2017 , New Phytologist)
3. Target Enrichment and Extensive Population Sampling Help Untangle the Recent, Rapid Radiation of Oenothera Sect. Calylophus

   https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac032  

   Cooper, Benjamin J. ; Moore, Michael J. ; Douglas, Norman A. ; Wagner, Warren L. ; Johnson, Matthew G. ; Overson, Rick P. ; Kinosian, Sylvia P. ; McDonnell, Angela J. ; Levin, Rachel A. ; Raguso, Robert A. ; et al ( May 2022 , Systematic Biology)

   Oenothera sect. Calylophus is a North American group of 13 recognized taxa in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae) with an evolutionary history that may include independent origins of bee pollination, edaphic endemism, and permanent translocation heterozygosity. Like other groups that radiated relatively recently and rapidly, taxon boundaries within Oenothera sect. Calylophus have remained challenging to circumscribe. In this study, we used target enrichment, flanking noncoding regions, gene tree/species tree methods, tests for gene flow modified for target-enrichment data, and morphometric analysis to reconstruct phylogenetic hypotheses, evaluate current taxon circumscriptions, and examine character evolution in Oenothera sect. Calylophus. Because sect. Calylophus comprises a clade with a relatively restricted geographic range, we were able to extensively sample across the range of geographic, edaphic, and morphological diversity in the group. We found that the combination of exons and flanking noncoding regions led to improved support for species relationships. We reconstructed potential hybrid origins of some accessions and note that if processes such as hybridization are not taken into account, the number of inferred evolutionary transitions may be artificially inflated. We recovered strong evidence for multiple evolutionary origins of bee pollination from ancestral hawkmoth pollination, edaphic specialization on gypsum, and permanent translocation heterozygosity. This study applies newly emerging techniques alongside dense infraspecific sampling and morphological analyses to effectively reconstruct the recalcitrant history of a rapid radiation. [Gypsum endemism; Oenothera sect. Calylophus; Onagraceae; phylogenomics; pollinator shift; recent radiation; target enrichment.]

    

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4. Transcriptome‐based analyses of phosphite‐mediated suppression of rust pathogens Puccinia emaculata and Phakopsora pachyrhizi and functional characterization of selected fungal target genes

   https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13817  

   Gill, Upinder S. ; Sun, Liang ; Rustgi, Sachin ; Tang, Yuhong ; von Wettstein, Diter ; Mysore, Kirankumar S. ( February 2018 , The Plant Journal)

   Phosphite (Phi) is used commercially to manage diseases mainly caused by oomycetes, primarily due to its low cost compared with other fungicides and its persistent control of oomycetous pathogens. We explored the use of Phi in controlling the fungal pathogensPuccinia emaculataandPhakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agents of switchgrass rust and Asian soybean rust, respectively. Phi primes host defenses and efficiently inhibits the growth ofP. emaculata,P. pachyrhiziand several other fungal pathogens tested. To understand these Phi‐mediated effects, a detailed molecular analysis was undertaken in both the host and the pathogen. Transcriptomic studies in switchgrass revealed that Phi activates plant defense signaling as early as 1 h after application by increasing the expression of several cytoplasmic and membrane receptor‐like kinases and defense‐related genes within 24 h of application. Unlike in oomycetes,RNAsequencing ofP. emaculataandP. pachyrhizidid not exhibit Phi‐mediated retardation of cell wall biosynthesis. The genes with reduced expression in either or both rust fungi belonged to functional categories such as ribosomal protein, actin,RNA‐dependentRNApolymerase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase. A fewP. emaculatagenes that had reduced expression upon Phi treatment were further characterized. Application of double‐strandedRNAs specific toP. emaculatagenes encoding glutamateN‐acetyltransferase and cystathionine gamma‐synthase to switchgrass leaves resulted in reduced disease severity uponP. emaculatainoculation, suggesting their role in pathogen survival and/or pathogenesis.

    

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5. A unique binding mode of P1′ Leu-containing target sequences for Streptococcus pyogenes sortase A results in alternative cleavage

   https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cb00129f  

   Vogel, Brandon A. ; Blount, Jadon M. ; Kodama, Hanna M. ; Goodwin-Rice, Noah J. ; Andaluz, Devin J. ; Jackson, Sophie N. ; Antos, John M. ; Amacher, Jeanine F. ( January 2024 , RSC Chemical Biology)

   Vogelet al.reveals the stereochemical basis of alternative substrate cleavage byS. pyogenesSrtA for ligands with a P1′ Leu residue. The substrate adopts puckered alternative binding, whereby cleavage occurs between the P1′ and P2′ positions.

    

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