More Like this

1. Effects of boosting on extragalactic components: methods and statistical studies

   https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1017  

   Coulton, William ; Feldman, Sydney ; Maamari, Karime ; Pierpaoli, Elena ; Yasini, Siavash ; Dolag, Klaus ( April 2022 , Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)

   In this work, we examine the impact of our motion with respect to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) rest frame on statistics of CMB maps by examining the one-, two-, three-, and four- point statistics of simulated maps of the CMB and Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effects. We validate boosting codes by comparing their outcomes for temperature and polarization power spectra up to ℓ ≃ 6000. We derive and validate a new analytical formula for the computation of the boosted power spectrum of a signal with a generic frequency dependence. As an example we show how this increases the boosting correction to the power spectrum of CMB intensity measurements by ${\sim}30{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at 150 GHz. We examine the effect of boosting on thermal and kinetic SZ power spectra from semianalytical and hydrodynamical simulations; the boosting correction is generally small for both simulations, except when considering frequencies near the tSZ null. For the non-Gaussian statistics, in general we find that boosting has no impact with two exceptions. We find that, whilst the statistics of the CMB convergence field are unaffected, quadratic estimators that are used to measure this field can become biased at the $O(1){{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level by boosting effects. We present a simple modification to the standard estimators that removes this bias. Second, bispectrum estimators can receive a systematic bias from the Doppler induced quadrupole when there is anisotropy in the sky – in practice this anisotropy comes from masking and inhomogeneous noise. This effect is unobservable and already removed by existing analysis methods.

    

   more » « less
2. Testing Cosmic Microwave Background Anomalies in E-mode Polarization with Current and Future Data

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acb339  

   Shi 时, Rui 瑞. ; Marriage, Tobias A. ; Appel, John W. ; Bennett, Charles L. ; Chuss, David T. ; Cleary, Joseph ; Eimer, Joseph R. ; Dahal सुिमत, Sumit दाहाल ; Datta, Rahul ; Espinoza, Francisco ; et al ( March 2023 , The Astrophysical Journal)

   In this paper, we explore the power of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization (E-mode) data to corroborate four potential anomalies in CMB temperature data: the lack of large angular-scale correlations, the alignment of the quadrupole and octupole (Q–O), the point-parity asymmetry, and the hemispherical power asymmetry. We use CMB simulations with noise representative of three experiments—the Planck satellite, the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS), and the LiteBIRD satellite—to test how current and future data constrain the anomalies. We find the correlation coefficientsρbetween temperature andE-mode estimators to be less than 0.1, except for the point-parity asymmetry (ρ= 0.17 for cosmic-variance-limited simulations), confirming thatE-modes provide a check on the anomalies that is largely independent of temperature data. Compared to Planck component-separated CMB data (smica), the putative LiteBIRD survey would reduce errors onE-mode anomaly estimators by factors of ∼3 for hemispherical power asymmetry and point-parity asymmetry, and by ∼26 for lack of large-scale correlation. The improvement in Q–O alignment is not obvious due to large cosmic variance, but we found the ability to pin down the estimator value will be improved by a factor ≳100. Improvements with CLASS are intermediate to these.

    

   more » « less
3. Cosmological Tensions and the Transitional Planck Mass Model

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfed0  

   Kable, Joshua A. ; Benevento, Giampaolo ; Addison, Graeme E. ; Bennett, Charles L. ( December 2023 , The Astrophysical Journal)

   In this follow-up analysis, we update previous constraints on the transitional Planck mass (TPM) modified gravity model using the latest version of EFTCAMB and provide new constraints using South Pole Telescope (SPT) and Planck anisotropy data along with Planck cosmic microwave background lensing, baryon acoustic oscillations, and Type Ia supernovae data and a Hubble constant,H₀, prior from local measurements. We find that large shifts in the Planck mass lead to large suppression of power on small scales that is disfavored by both the SPT and Planck data. Using only the SPT temperature-polarization–polarization-polarization (TE-EE) data, this suppression of power can be compensated for by an upward shift of the scalar index ton_s= 1.003 ± 0.016, resulting in$H_0={71.94}_{-0.85}^{+0.86}$km m⁻¹Mpc⁻¹and a ∼7% shift in the Planck mass. Including the Planck temperature-temperature (TT) ℓ≤ 650 and Planck TE-EE data restricts the shift to be <5% at 2σwithH₀= 70.65 ± 0.66 km m⁻¹Mpc⁻¹. Excluding theH₀prior, the SPT and Planck data constrain the shift in the Planck mass to be <3% at 2σwith a best-fit value of 0.04%, consistent with the Λ cold dark matter limit. In this case$H_0={69.09}_{-0.68}^{+0.69}$km s⁻¹Mpc⁻¹, which is partially elevated by the dynamics of the scalar field in the late Universe. This differs from early dark energy models that prefer higher values ofH₀when the high-ℓPlanck TT data are excluded. We additionally constrain TPM using redshift space distortion data from BOSS DR12 and cosmic shear, galaxy–galaxy lensing, and galaxy clustering data from DES Y1, finding both disfavor transitions close to recombination, but earlier Planck mass transitions are allowed.

    

   more » « less
4. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Galactic Dust Structure and the Cosmic PAH Background in Cross-correlation with WISE

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad05cd  

   Córdova Rosado, Rodrigo ; Hensley, Brandon S. ; Clark, Susan E. ; Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. ; Atkins, Zachary ; Battistelli, Elia Stefano ; Choi, Steve K. ; Dunkley, Jo ; Hervías-Caimapo, Carlos ; Li, Zack ; et al ( January 2024 , The Astrophysical Journal)

   We present a cross-correlation analysis between$1\prime$resolution total intensity and polarization observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 150 and 220 GHz and 15″ mid-infrared photometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) over 107 12.°5 × 12.°5 patches of sky. We detect a spatially isotropic signal in the WISE×ACTTTcross-power spectrum at 30σsignificance that we interpret as the correlation between the cosmic infrared background at ACT frequencies and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission from galaxies in WISE, i.e., the cosmic PAH background. Within the Milky Way, the Galactic dustTTspectra are generally well described by power laws inℓover the range 10³<ℓ< 10⁴, but there is evidence both for variability in the power-law index and for non-power-law behavior in some regions. We measure a positive correlation between WISE total intensity and ACTE-mode polarization at 1000 <ℓ≲ 6000 at >3σin each of 35 distinct ∼100 deg²regions of the sky, suggesting that alignment between Galactic density structures and the local magnetic field persists to subparsec physical scales in these regions. The distribution ofTEamplitudes in thisℓrange across all 107 regions is biased to positive values, while there is no evidence for such a bias in theTBspectra. This work constitutes the highest-ℓmeasurements of the Galactic dustTEspectrum to date and indicates that cross-correlation with high-resolution mid-infrared measurements of dust emission is a promising tool for constraining the spatial statistics of dust emission at millimeter wavelengths.

    

   more » « less
5. A Constraint on Primordial B-modes from the First Flight of the Spider Balloon-borne Telescope

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac20df  

   Ade, P. A. R. ; Amiri, M. ; Benton, S. J. ; Bergman, A. S. ; Bihary, R. ; Bock, J. J. ; Bond, J. R. ; Bonetti, J. A. ; Bryan, S. A. ; Chiang, H. C. ; et al ( March 2022 , The Astrophysical Journal)

   We present the first linear polarization measurements from the 2015 long-duration balloon flight ofSpider, which is an experiment that is designed to map the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on degree angular scales. The results from these measurements include maps and angular power spectra from observations of 4.8% of the sky at 95 and 150 GHz, along with the results of internal consistency tests on these data. While the polarized CMB anisotropy from primordial density perturbations is the dominant signal in this region of sky, Galactic dust emission is also detected with high significance. Galactic synchrotron emission is found to be negligible in theSpiderbands. We employ two independent foreground-removal techniques to explore the sensitivity of the cosmological result to the assumptions made by each. The primary method uses a dust template derived fromPlanckdata to subtract the Galactic dust signal. A second approach, which constitutes a joint analysis ofSpiderandPlanckdata in the harmonic domain, assumes a modified-blackbody model for the spectral energy distribution of the dust with no constraint on its spatial morphology. Using a likelihood that jointly samples the template amplitude andrparameter space, we derive 95% upper limits on the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio from Feldman–Cousins and Bayesian constructions, findingr< 0.11 andr< 0.19, respectively. Roughly half the uncertainty inrderives from noise associated with the template subtraction. New data at 280 GHz fromSpider’s second flight will complement thePlanckpolarization maps, providing powerful measurements of the polarized Galactic dust emission.

    

   more » « less