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   Arab Baferani, Mohamadreza; Wu, Chao; Cao, Yang (March 2022, Composites Science and Technology)
2. From Charge to Spin and Spin to Charge: Stochastic Magnets for Probabilistic Switching

   https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2020.2966925  

   Camsari, Kerem Y.; Debashis, Punyashloka; Ostwal, Vaibhav; Pervaiz, Ahmed Zeeshan; Shen, Tingting; Chen, Zhihong; Datta, Supriyo; Appenzeller, Joerg (August 2020, Proceedings of the IEEE)
3. Contact Charge Electrophoresis: Experiment and Theory

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00342  

   Drews, Aaron M.; Cartier, Charles A.; Bishop, Kyle J. (April 2015, Langmuir)

   Contact charge electrophoresis (CCEP) uses steady electric fields to drive the continuous, oscillatory motion of conductive particles and droplets between two or more electrodes. These rapid oscillations can be rectified to direct the motion of objects within microfluidic environments using low-power, dc voltage. Here, we compare high precision experimental measurements of CCEP within a microfluidic system to equally detailed theoretical predictions on the motion of a conductive particle between parallel electrodes. We use a simple, capillary microfluidic platform that combines high-speed imaging with precision electrical measurements to enable the synchronized acquisition of both the particle location and the electric current due to particle motion. The experimental results are compared to those of a theoretical model, which relies on a Stokesian dynamics approach to accurately describe both the electrostatic and hydrodynamic problems governing particle motion. We find remarkable agreement between theory and experiment, suggesting that particle motion can be accurately captured by a combination of classical electrostatics and low-Reynolds number hydrodynamics. Building on this agreement, we offer new insight into the charge transfer process that occurs when the particle nears contact with an electrode surface. In particular, we find that the particle does not make mechanical contact with the electrode but rather that charge transfer occurs at finite surface separations of >0.1 μm by means of an electric discharge through a thin lubricating film. We discuss the implications of these findings on the charging of the particle and its subsequent dynamics. 

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4. Effects of charge fluctuation and charge regulation on the phase transitions in stoichiometric VO2

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   Joshi, Siddharth; Smieszek, Nicholas; Chakrapani, Vidhya (October 2020, Scientific Reports)

   Abstract Detailed electrical and photoemission studies were carried out to probe the chemical nature of the insulating ground state of VO₂, whose properties have been an issue for accurate prediction by common theoretical probes. The effects of a systematic modulation of oxygen over-stoichiometry of VO₂from 1.86 to 2.44 on the band structure and insulator–metal transitions are presented for the first time. Results offer a different perspective on the temperature- and doping-induced IMT process. They suggest that charge fluctuation in the metallic phase of intrinsic VO₂results in the formation of e⁻and h⁺pairs that lead to delocalized polaronic V³⁺and V⁵⁺cation states. The metal-to-insulator transition is linked to the cooperative effects of changes in the V–O bond length, localization of V³⁺electrons at V⁵⁺sites, which results in the formation of V⁴⁺–V⁴⁺dimers, and removal of$$\pi^{*}$$ ${\pi }^{\ast }$screening electrons. It is shown that the nature of phase transitions is linked to the lattice V³⁺/V⁵⁺concentrations of stoichiometric VO₂and that electronic transitions are regulated by the interplay between charge fluctuation, charge redistribution, and structural transition. 

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5. Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Mappings of Voltage-to-Charge and Charge-to-Voltage in Capacitive Devices

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   Allagui, Anis; Elwakil, Ahmed S.; Wang, Chunlei (January 2022, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs)