More Like this

1. Preclinical Cold Atmospheric Plasma Cancer Treatment

   https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143461  

   Limanowski, Ruby; Yan, Dayun; Li, Lin; Keidar, Michael (July 2022, Cancers)

   CAP is an ionized gas generated under atmospheric pressure conditions. Due to its reactive chemical components and near-room temperature nature, CAP has promising applications in diverse branches of medicine, including microorganism sterilization, biofilm inactivation, wound healing, and cancer therapy. Currently, hundreds of in vitro demonstrations of CAP-based cancer treatments have been reported. However, preclinical studies, particularly in vivo studies, are pivotal to achieving a final clinical application. Here, we comprehensively introduced the research status of the preclinical usage of CAP in cancer treatment, by primarily focusing on the in vivo studies over the past decade. We summarized the primary research strategies in preclinical and clinical studies, including transdermal CAP treatment, post-surgical CAP treatment, CAP-activated solutions treatment, and sensitization treatment to drugs. Finally, the underlying mechanism was discussed based on the latest understanding. 

   more » « less
2. Theranostic Potential of Adaptive Cold Atmospheric Plasma with Temozolomide to Checkmate Glioblastoma: An In Vitro Study

   https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14133116  

   Soni, Vikas; Adhikari, Manish; Lin, Li; Sherman, Jonathan H.; Keidar, Michael (July 2022, Cancers)

   Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been used for the treatment of various cancers. The anti-cancer properties of CAP are mainly due to the reactive species generated from it. Here, we analyze the efficacy of CAP in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in two different human glioblastoma cell lines, T98G and A172, in vitro using various conditions. We also establish an optimized dose of the co-treatment to study potential sensitization in TMZ-resistant cells. The removal of cell culture media after CAP treatment did not affect the sensitivity of CAP to cancer cells. However, keeping the CAP-treated media for a shorter time helped in the slight proliferation of T98G cells, while keeping the same media for longer durations resulted in a decrease in its survivability. This could be a potential reason for the sensitization of the cells in combination treatment. Co-treatment effectively increased the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, indicating cytotoxicity. Furthermore, apoptosis and caspase-3 activity also significantly increased in both cell lines, implying the anticancer nature of the combination. The microscopic analysis of the cells post-treatment indicated nuclear fragmentation, and caspase activity demonstrated apoptosis. Therefore, a combination treatment of CAP and TMZ may be a potent therapeutic modality to treat glioblastoma. This could also indicate that a pre-treatment with CAP causes the cells to be more sensitive to chemotherapy treatment. 

   more » « less
3. Improving Seed Germination by Cold Atmospheric Plasma

   https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma5010008  

   Yan, Dayun; Lin, Li; Zvansky, Michelle; Kohanzadeh, Leat; Taban, Shannon; Chriqui, Sabrina; Keidar, Michael (March 2022, Plasma)

   Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a tunable source of reactive species and other physical factors. It exerts luxuriant biochemical effects on diverse cells, including bacterial cells, mammalian cells, and plant cells. Over the past decade, CAP has shown promising application in modern agriculture. Here, we focused on the state of the art of plasma agriculture, particularly the improvement of seed germination rates. Typical plasma sources, underlying physical principles, and the chemical and cellular mechanism of plasma’s effect on plants seeds have been discussed in depth. 

   more » « less
4. Self‐Adaptive Plasma Chemistry and Intelligent Plasma Medicine

   https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100112  

   Lin, Li; Yan, Dayun; Lee, Taeyoung; Keidar, Michael (October 2021, Advanced Intelligent Systems)

   Plasma‐based biomedical applications rely on the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in cold atmospheric plasmas, where complex chemical kinetic schemes occur. The optimization of plasma medicine is thus required for each specific biomedical purpose. In the view of pharmacology, it is to optimize the active pharmaceutical ingredients. This work is thus the first attempt of such a complex task utilizing the recent development of machine learning technologies. Herein, a general method of passive plasma chemical diagnostics and optimization in real time is proposed. Based on spontaneous emission spectroscopy, an artificial neural network provides the gas chemical compositions along with other information such as temperatures. The information further passes through the second neural network which outputs the adjustments of external control inputs including energy, gas injections, and extractions to optimize the plasma chemistry. 

   more » « less
5. Recognizing Cold Atmospheric Plasma Plume Using Computer Vision

   https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma5030026  

   Lazarus, Marisa; Yan, Dayun; Limanowski, Ruby; Lin, Li; Keidar, Michael (September 2022, Plasma)

   Over the last three decades, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been heavily investigated in a wide range of biological applications, including wound healing, microorganism sterilization, and cancer treatment. Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) are the most common plasma sources in plasma medicine. An APPJ’s size determines its application range and approach in treatment. In this study, we demonstrated the real-time recognition of an APPJ’s plasma plume output using computer vision (CV), dramatically improving the measurement speed compared to the traditional method of using the naked eye. Our work provides a framework to monitor an aspect of an APPJ’s performance in real time, which is a necessary step to achieving an intelligent CAP source. 

   more » « less