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1. Conformal Wideband Microstrip Patch Antennas on Cylindrical Platforms

   Mitha, Tanzeela; Pour, Maria (November 2018, Progress in electromagnetics research)

   A conformal wideband antenna is investigated and compared with its planar counterpart. First, a planar U-slot patch with about 43% fractional impedance bandwidth is designed. Then, it is mounted on a conformal cylindrical structure. It is observed that the fractional impedance bandwidth of the resulting conformal antenna increases to 50%, when it is bent along the H-plane. It is also found that the cross polarization discrimination of the antenna is improved. The effects of the arc angle and radius of the cylinder on the impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics of the antenna are extensively studied. The conformal antenna was fabricated on a thin film of Kapton and tested. The measured and simulated results closely resembled each other. 

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2. Grating Lobe Mitigation in Scanning Planar Phased Array Antennas

   https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020996  

   Iqbal, Zabed; Pour, Maria (March 2020, 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST))

   null (Ed.)

   This paper presents the grating lobe reduction in a planar phased array antenna with a rectangular lattice and large element spacing in the order of one wavelength for scan angles up to ±45°. A dual-mode circular microstrip patch antenna is considered as the constitutive element of the phased array, in which two different transverse magnetic modes are exploited simultaneously. The numerical analysis shows that the achieved grating lobe reduction is well below 25 dB for scan angles up to ±45° with large element spacing in the order of one wavelength. 

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3. A V-band Phased-Array Antenna for Millimeter-Wave-Based 3D Beam Steering Applications

   https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886330  

   Kakaraparty, Karthik; Roy, Sunanda; Mahbub, Ifana (September 2022, 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/URSI))

   This paper presents a compact phased-array antenna for efficient and high-gain millimeter-wave-based 3D beam steering applications. The proposed antenna array consists of 2 × 2 unit cells and each unit cell is a sub-array comprising of 2 × 2 patch elements connected to microstrip lines that are co-fed by a single coaxial cable. Two 45° phase shifting lines are incorporated in each sub-array to facilitate the wide beamsteering range. The dimensions of the proposed phased array antenna are 24 × 24 × 0.324 mm 3 . Simulation results show that the proposed phased-array antenna has a resonating frequency at 58.4 GHz with an operational bandwidth from 50.1 GHz to 77.5 GHz along with a high gain of 26.8 dBi. The array exhibits a maximum beam steering range of 105° in the elevation plane and 195° in the azimuth plane with a gain variation less than 0.9 dBi. 

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4. A Multi-Band Circularly Polarized-Shared Aperture Antenna for Space Applications at S and X Bands

   https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214439  

   Kabir, Syed Salman; Khan, Mehedi Hassan; Latif, Saeed I. (November 2023, Electronics)

   In this article, a compact multiband antenna design and analysis is presented with a view of ensuring efficient uplink/downlink communications at the same time from a single antenna for CubeSat applications. This design shares the aperture of an S-band slot antenna to accommodate a square patch antenna operating in the X-band. Shared aperture antennas, along with an air gap and dielectric loading, provided good gain in both frequency bands. The S-band patch had an S11 = −10 dB bandwidth of 30 MHz (2013–2043 MHz, 1.5%), and the X-band antenna demonstrated a bandwidth of 210 MHz (8320–8530 MHz, 2.5%). The Axial Ratio (<3 dB) bandwidth of the slot antenna in the S-band is 7 MHz (2013–2020 MHz, 0.35%), and it is 67 MHz (8433–8500 MHz, 0.8%) in the case of patch antenna in the X-band. While the maximum gain in the S-band reached 7.7 dBic, in the X-band, the peak gain was 12.8 dBic. This performance comparison study shows that the antenna is advantageous in terms of high gain, maintains circular polarization over a wideband, and can replace two antennas needed in CubeSats for uplink/downlink, which essentially saves space. 

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5. CPW-Fed Compact Circularly Polarized Flexible Antenna for C Band Applications

   https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSINRSM57470.2023.10043129  

   Hossain, Abdul Rakib; Karacolak, Tutku (February 2023, 2023 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM))

   In this paper, a simple, and compact CPW-fed circularly polarized antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a modified “S” shaped patch which has slots in three different places along with a slot in the ground plane. These slots contribute in increasing the bandwidth of the axial ratio. The antenna has a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 10.47% (4.07 GHz–4.52 GHz) and an impedance bandwidth of 17.53% (3.8 GHz – 4.53 GHz) covering the full region of axial ratio band. Moreover, this antenna is designed using PET paper which makes it flexible in nature and the first flexible antenna in discussed frequency range to the best of author’s knowledge. 

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