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   https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC012748  

   Huntley, Helga S. ; Ryan, Patricia ( January 2018 , Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans)
2. Concurrent-Flow Flame Spread in a Narrow Flow Duct in Microgravity – Effects of Flow Confinement and Radiation Reflection

   Li, Y. ; Liao, Y.-T. ; Ferkul, P. ; Johnston, M. C. ( May 2021 , 12th U.S. National Combustion Meeting)
3. Computing water flow through complex landscapes – Part 3: Fill–Spill–Merge: flow routing in depression hierarchies

   https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-105-2021  

   Barnes, Richard ; Callaghan, Kerry L. ; Wickert, Andrew D. ( January 2021 , Earth Surface Dynamics)

   Abstract. Depressions – inwardly draining regions – are common to many landscapes. When there is sufficient moisture, depressions take the form of lakes and wetlands; otherwise, they may be dry. Hydrological flow models used in geomorphology, hydrology, planetary science, soil and water conservation, and other fields often eliminate depressions through filling or breaching; however, this can produce unrealistic results. Models that retain depressions, on the other hand, are often undesirably expensive to run. In previous work we began to address this by developing a depression hierarchy data structure to capture the full topographic complexity of depressions in a region. Here, we extend this work by presenting the Fill–Spill–Merge algorithm that utilizes our depression hierarchy data structure to rapidly process and distribute runoff. Runoff fills depressions, which then overflow and spill into their neighbors. If both a depression and its neighbor fill, they merge. We provide a detailed explanation of the algorithm and results from two sample study areas. In these case studies, the algorithm runs 90–2600 times faster (with a reduction in compute time of 2000–63 000 times) than the commonly used Jacobi iteration and produces a more accurate output. Complete, well-commented, open-source code with 97 % test coverage is available on GitHub andmore »Zenodo.« less
4. Accumulation of Colloidal Particles in Flow Junctions Induced by Fluid Flow and Diffusiophoresis

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.041038  

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5. Assessing the degree of plug flow in oxidation flow reactors (OFRs): a study on a potential aerosol mass (PAM) reactor

   https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1741-2018  

   Mitroo, Dhruv ; Sun, Yujian ; Combest, Daniel P. ; Kumar, Purushottam ; Williams, Brent J. ( January 2018 , Atmospheric Measurement Techniques)

   Abstract. Oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) have been developed to achieve high degrees of oxidant exposures over relatively short space times (defined as the ratio of reactor volume to the volumetric flow rate). While, due to their increased use, attention has been paid to their ability to replicate realistic tropospheric reactions by modeling the chemistry inside the reactor, there is a desire to customize flow patterns. This work demonstrates the importance of decoupling tracer signal of the reactor from that of the tubing when experimentally obtaining these flow patterns. We modeled the residence time distributions (RTDs) inside the Washington University Potential Aerosol Mass (WU-PAM) reactor, an OFR, for a simple set of configurations by applying the tank-in-series (TIS) model, a one-parameter model, to a deconvolution algorithm. The value of the parameter, N, is close to unity for every case except one having the highest space time. Combined, the results suggest that volumetric flow rate affects mixing patterns more than use of our internals. We selected results from the simplest case, at 78 s space time with one inlet and one outlet, absent of baffles and spargers, and compared the experimental F curve to that of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Themore »F curves, which represent the cumulative time spent in the reactor by flowing material, match reasonably well. We value that the use of a small aspect ratio reactor such as the WU-PAM reduces wall interactions; however sudden apertures introduce disturbances in the flow, and suggest applying the methodology of tracer testing described in this work to investigate RTDs in OFRs to observe the effect of modified inlets, outlets and use of internals prior to application (e.g., field deployment vs. laboratory study).« less