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1. The Role of Northern Belize in Shaping Maya Archaeology

   Robin, Cynthia (August 2020, Research reports in Belizean archaeology)

   null (Ed.)

   This article addresses the critical role that archaeology in Northern Belize has played in shaping Maya Archaeology. It traces the history of archaeological research in Northern Belize and identifies three areas in which Northern Belize research has transformed the nature of Maya Archaeology. First, excavations at Northern Belize archaeological sites have been critical in providing the empirical evidence for the duration of human occupation in the Maya area. Second, the robust picture of the longevity of human occupation revealed by Northern Belize research provides a concerted challenge to traditional narratives of Maya archaeology, particularly narratives of the “collapse” of Maya society. Third, female leadership in archaeological project direction, artifact analyses, and scholarly publication in Northern Belize broke down barriers for the inclusion of women and other underrepresented groups in archaeology widening the lens of participation and production in archaeology. Across its history, research in Northern Belize has been on the forefront of transformations advancing both the understanding and practice of Maya archaeology. 

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2. Sipunculan fauna of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas

   Kędra, M. (January 2018, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on the Biology of the Sipuncula. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC 42: 159-167; 0.5479/si.1943-667X.42)

   Sipuncula is a species-poor phylum yet sipunculans can play a considerable role in the high latitudes marine ecosystems where they often occur in very high numbers and biomass. Sipunculan studies and associated publications have been mainly concentrated in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic, with only two publications found in the Pacific sector (Murina 1977, 1985), both only published in Russian. This article presents a synopsis of the composition and distribution of sipunculans in the waters of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Pacific Arctic region, based on our own samples and published data. 

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3. Glacier thickness and ice volume of the Northern Andes

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01446-8  

   Van_Wyk_de_Vries, Maximillian; Carchipulla-Morales, David; Wickert, Andrew_D; Minaya, Verónica_G (June 2022, Scientific Data)

   Abstract Tropical glacier melt provides valuable water to surrounding communities, but climate change is projected to cause the demise of many of these glaciers within the coming century. Understanding the future of tropical glaciers requires a detailed record of their thicknesses and volumes, which is currently lacking in the Northern Andes. We calculate present-day (2015–2021) ice-thicknesses for all glaciers in Colombia and Ecuador using six different methods, and combine these into multi-model ensemble mean ice thickness and volume maps. We compare our results against available field-based measurements, and show that current ice volumes in Ecuador and Colombia are 2.49 ± 0.25 km³and 1.68 ± 0.24 km³respectively. We detected no motion on any remaining ice in Venezuela. The overall ice volume in the region, 4.17 ± 0.35 km³, is half of the previous best estimate of 8.11 km³. These data can be used to better evaluate the status and distribution of water resources, as input for models of future glacier change, and to assess regional geohazards associated with ice-clad volcanoes. 

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4. Dynamic manganese cycling in the northern Gulf of Mexico

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2024.104466  

   Davis, Jessalyn E; Robinson, Rebecca S; Estes, Emily R; Oldham, Veronique E; Solomon, Evan A; Kelly, Roger P; Bell, Katherine E; Resing, Joseph A; Bundy, Randelle M (November 2024, Marine Chemistry)

   Transport processes along the river-ocean continuum influence delivery of nutrients, carbon and trace metals from terrestrial systems to the marine environment, impacting coastal primary productivity and water quality. Although trace metal transformations have been studied extensively in the Mississippi River Delta region of the Northern Gulf of Mexico, investigations of manganese (Mn) and the presence of ligand-stabilized, dissolved manganese (Mn(III)-L) and its role in the transformation of trace elements and organic matter during riverine transport and estuarine mixing have not been considered. This study examined the chemical speciation of dissolved and particulate Mn in the water column and sediment porewaters in the Mississippi River and Northern Gulf of Mexico in March of 2021 to explore transformations in Mn speciation along the river-ocean continuum and the impact of different processes on the distribution of Mn. Total dissolved Mn concentrations were highest in the Mississippi River and decreased offshore, while Mn(III)-L contributed most to the dissolved Mn pool in near-shore waters. Porewater profiles indicated that ligand stabilization prevented dissolved Mn(III) reduction below the depth of oxygen penetration and in the presence of equimolar dissolved iron(II). Dissolved Mn(III)-L was enriched in bottom waters at all Northern Gulf of Mexico stations, and diffusive flux modelling of porewater dissolved Mn suggested that reducing sediments were a source of dissolved Mn to the overlying water column in the form of both reduced Mn(II) and Mn(III)-L. A simple box model of the Mn cycle in the Northern Gulf of Mexico indicates that Mn(III)-L is required to balance the Mn budget in this region and is an integral, and previously unconsidered, piece of the Mn cycle in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. The presence of Mn(III)-L in this system likely has an outsized impact on trace element scavenging rates, oxidative capacity, and the carbon cycle that have not been previously appreciated. 

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5. Northern sites

   https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.357.106.2017  

   Früh-Green, GL; Orcutt, BN; Green, SL; Cotterill, C; Morgan, S; Akizawa, N; Bayrakci, G; Behrmann, J-H; Boschi, C; Brazleton, WJ; et al (February 2017, International Ocean Discovery Program)

   During Expedition 357, cores were recovered from two sites in the northern area of Atlantis Massif: Sites M0070 and M0074 (Figure F1; Table T1). Newly acquired multibeam data, combined with preexisting data sets, were evaluated prior to each site to guide the drill teams regarding the anticipated seabed conditions and slope. 

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