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1. Complete Genome Sequences of Mycobacteriophages OKaNui and DroogsArmy

   https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00791-20  

   Fast, Kayla M. ; Johnson, Kadaisha G. ; Mayfield, Kaitlyn N. ; Stephens, Leah A. ; Reid, T. Hunter ; Ryan, Emma D. ; Keener, Tracy W. ; Sandel, Michael W. ( August 2020 , Microbiology Resource Announcements)

   Roux, Simon (Ed.)

   ABSTRACT Mycobacteriophages OKaNui and DroogsArmy were isolated from soil using the bacterial host Mycobacterium smegmatis mc 2 155, which belongs to the phylum Actinobacteria . OKaNui was discovered in east Mississippi and DroogsArmy in west Alabama in the United States. The genomes of OKaNui and DroogsArmy were 51,424 bp and 53,254 bp long, respectively. 

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2. Genome Sequences of Gordonia rubripertincta Phages LilyPad and PokyPuppy

   https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.00958-22  

   Eleven, Ella ; Esparza, Casia ; Abernathy, Alivia ; Bradshaw, Ashley ; Garcia, Marisa ; Jobe, Nathaniel ; Pyper, Kennedi ; Skaar, Cassandra ; Goncz, Kaarin ; Sharbrough, Joel ; et al ( November 2022 , Microbiology Resource Announcements)

   Stedman, Kenneth M (Ed.)

   Two lytic phages infectingGordonia rubripertinctawere isolated from irrigated desert soil. Phage LilyPad and PokyPuppy have 64,158-bp and 77,065-bp genomes, respectively. Based on gene content similarity to phages in the Actinobacteriophage database, LilyPad is assigned to phage subcluster DG1 and PokyPuppy to subcluster CS2. 

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3. Evaluation of Genome Sequences of the Bacteriophages JeTaime and Luna22

   https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00746-21  

   Flota, Maximiliano F. ; Moss, Caitlyn R. ; Balish, Mitchell F. ; Chen, Nikki ; Cherry, Kristen C. ; Cornely, Kathleen A. ; D’Alessandro, Hayley M. ; DiBenedetto, Mouna S. ; DeGiorgis, Joseph A. ; Dixon, Steven Grant ; et al ( October 2021 , Microbiology Resource Announcements)

   Stedman, Kenneth M. (Ed.)

   ABSTRACT The mycobacteriophages JeTaime (E cluster) and Luna22 (Q cluster) were isolated from soil in Providence, Rhode Island, and Charleston, South Carolina, respectively, using a Mycobacterium smegmatis mc 2 155 host. The genome of JeTaime is 75,099 bp (142 predicted genes), and that of Luna22 is 53,730 bp (87 predicted genes). Both phages exhibit Siphoviridae morphology. 

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4. CNN-Based LCD Transcription of Blood Pressure From a Mobile Phone Camera

   https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2021.543176  

   Kulkarni, Samruddhi S. ; Katebi, Nasim ; Valderrama, Camilo E. ; Rohloff, Peter ; Clifford, Gari D. ( May 2021 , Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence)

   null (Ed.)

   Routine blood pressure (BP) measurement in pregnancy is commonly performed using automated oscillometric devices. Since no wireless oscillometric BP device has been validated in preeclamptic populations, a simple approach for capturing readings from such devices is needed, especially in low-resource settings where transmission of BP data from the field to central locations is an important mechanism for triage. To this end, a total of 8192 BP readings were captured from the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen of a standard Omron M7 self-inflating BP cuff using a cellphone camera. A cohort of 49 lay midwives captured these data from 1697 pregnant women carrying singletons between 6 weeks and 40 weeks gestational age in rural Guatemala during routine screening. Images exhibited a wide variability in their appearance due to variations in orientation and parallax; environmental factors such as lighting, shadows; and image acquisition factors such as motion blur and problems with focus. Images were independently labeled for readability and quality by three annotators (BP range: 34–203 mm Hg) and disagreements were resolved. Methods to preprocess and automatically segment the LCD images into diastolic BP, systolic BP and heart rate using a contour-based technique were developed. A deep convolutional neural network was then trained to convert the LCD images into numerical values using a multi-digit recognition approach. On readable low- and high-quality images, this proposed approach achieved a 91% classification accuracy and mean absolute error of 3.19 mm Hg for systolic BP and 91% accuracy and mean absolute error of 0.94 mm Hg for diastolic BP. These error values are within the FDA guidelines for BP monitoring when poor quality images are excluded. The performance of the proposed approach was shown to be greatly superior to state-of-the-art open-source tools (Tesseract and the Google Vision API). The algorithm was developed such that it could be deployed on a phone and work without connectivity to a network. 

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5. South-to-north migration preceded the advent of intensive farming in the Maya region

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29158-y  

   Kennett, Douglas J. ; Lipson, Mark ; Prufer, Keith M. ; Mora-Marín, David ; George, Richard J. ; Rohland, Nadin ; Robinson, Mark ; Trask, Willa R. ; Edgar, Heather H. ; Hill, Ethan C. ; et al ( December 2022 , Nature Communications)

   Abstract The genetic prehistory of human populations in Central America is largely unexplored leaving an important gap in our knowledge of the global expansion of humans. We report genome-wide ancient DNA data for a transect of twenty individuals from two Belize rock-shelters dating between 9,600-3,700 calibrated radiocarbon years before present (cal. BP). The oldest individuals (9,600-7,300 cal. BP) descend from an Early Holocene Native American lineage with only distant relatedness to present-day Mesoamericans, including Mayan-speaking populations. After ~5,600 cal. BP a previously unknown human dispersal from the south made a major demographic impact on the region, contributing more than 50% of the ancestry of all later individuals. This new ancestry derived from a source related to present-day Chibchan speakers living from Costa Rica to Colombia. Its arrival corresponds to the first clear evidence for forest clearing and maize horticulture in what later became the Maya region. 

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