To address the scarcity of spectrum, FCC mandated
the dynamic sharing of spectrum among the different tiers of
users. The success of spectrum sharing, however, relies on the
automated enforcement of spectrum policies. We focus on ex
post spectrum enforcement during/after the occurrence of a
potentially harmful event, but before/after an actual harm has
occurred. The major challenges addressed by us are to ensure
maximum channel coverage in a given region of enforcement,
accurate and reliable detection of enforcement, and selection of
an efficient algorithm to select entities for detection of violation.
We adopt a crowdsourced methodology to monitor spectrum
usage. We ensure maximum coverage of the given area by
dividing it into equal-sized regions and solve the enforcement
problem by a divide and conquer mechanism over the entire
region. We use a variant of the Multiple Choice Secretary
algorithm to select volunteers. We finally simulate the
enforcement framework and analyze the results.
more »
« less
Matchmaking of Volunteers and Channels for Dynamic Spectrum Access Enforcement
Cooperative wireless networks, enabled by Cognitive Radios, facilitate mobile users to dynamically share access to spectrum. However, spectrum bands can be accessed illegitimately by malicious users. Therefore, the success of dynamic spectrum sharing relies on automated enforcement of spectrum policies. While the focus has been on ex ante spectrum enforcement, this work explores new approaches to address efficient ex post spectrum enforcement. The main objective of this work is to ensure maximum coverage of the area of enforcement and accurate detection of spectrum access violation. The first objective is achieved with the help of Lloyd's algorithm to divide the enforcement area into a set of uniformly sized coverage regions. The interference detection accuracy is achieved through crowdsourcing of the spectrum access monitoring to volunteers, based on their computational capabilities, location attributes and reputation. A simulation framework was developed in CSIM19 (C++ version) to analyze the performance of the proposed system over the entire area of enforcement. The results show that the proposed scheme ensures efficient coverage of all the channels and regions in the area of enforcement and a high average accuracy of detection.
more »
« less
- Award ID(s):
- 1642949
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10218696
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- 2020 IEEE 17th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC)
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1 to 6
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
-
null (Ed.)The success of dynamic spectrum sharing in wireless networks depends on reliable automated enforcement of spectrum access policies. In this paper, a crowdsourced approach is used to select volunteers to detect spectrum misuse. Volunteer selection is based on multiple criteria, including their reputation, likelihood of being in a region and ability to effectively detect channel misuse. We formulate the volunteer selection problem as a stable matching problem, whereby, volunteers' monitoring preferences are matched to channels' attributes. Given a set of volunteers, the objective is to ensure maximum coverage of the spectrum enforcement area and accurate detection of spectrum access violation of all channels in the area. The two matching algorithms, Volunteer Matching (VM) and Reverse Volunteer Matching (RVM) are based on variants of the Gale-Shapley algorithm for stable matching. We also propose two Hybrid algorithms, HYBRID-VM and HYBRID-RVM that augment the matching algorithms with a Secretary-based algorithm to overcome the shortcomings of the individual vanilla algorithms. Simulation results show that volunteer selection by using HYBRID-VM gives better coverage of region (better by 19.2% when compared to threshold-based Secretary algorithm), better accuracy of detection and better volunteer happiness when compared to the other algorithms that are tested.more » « less
-
In many countries, sharing has become a significant approach to problems of spectrum allocation and assignment. As this approach moves from concept to reality, it is reasonable to expect an increase in interference or usage conflict events between sharing parties. Scholars such as Coase, Demsetz, Stigler, and others have argued that appropriate enforcement is critical to successful contracts (such as spectrum sharing agreements) and Polinsky, Shavell, and others have analyzed enforcement mechanisms in general. While many ex-ante measures may be used, reducing the social costs of ex-ante enforcement means shifting the balance more toward ex-post measures. Ex post enforcement requires detection, data collection, and adjudication methods. At present, these methods are ad hoc (operating in a decentralized way between parties) or fairly costly (e.g., relying on the FCC Enforcement Bureau). The research presented in this paper is the culmination of an NSF-funded inquiry into how and what enforcement functions can be automated.more » « less
-
null (Ed.)n many countries, sharing has become a significant approach to problems of spectrum allocation and assignment. As this approach moves from concept to reality, it is reasonable to expect an increase in interference or usage conflict events between sharing parties. Scholars such as Coase, Demsetz, Stigler, and others have argued that appropriate enforcement is critical to successful contracts (such as spectrum sharing agreements) and Polinsky, Shavell, and others have analyzed enforcement mechanisms in general. While many ex-ante measures may be used, reducing the social costs of ex-ante enforcement means shifting the balance more toward ex-post measures. Ex post enforcement requires detection, data collection, and adjudication methods. At present, these methods are ad hoc (operating in a decentralized way between parties) or fairly costly (e.g., relying on the FCC Enforcement Bureau). The research presented in this paper is the culmination of an NSF-funded inquiry into how and what enforcement functions can be automated.more » « less
-
Database-driven Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) is a promising technical paradigm for enhancing spectrum efficiency by allowing secondary user to opportunistically access licenced spectrum channels without interfering with primary users' transmissions. In database-driven DSS, a geo-location database administrator (DBA) maintains the spectrum availability in its service region in the form of a radio environment map (REM) and grant or deny secondary users' spectrum access requests based on primary users' activities. Crowdsourcing-based spectrum sensing has great potential in improving the accuracy of the REM at the DBA but requires strong incentives and privacy protection to simulate mobile users' participation. To tackle this challenge, this paper introduces a novel differentially-private reverse auction mechanism for crowdsourcing-based spectrum sensing. The proposed mechanism allows the DBA to select spectrum sensing participants under a budget constraint while offering differential bid privacy, approximate truthfulness, and approximate accuracy maximization. Extensive simulation studies using a real spectrum measurement dataset confirm the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed mechanism.more » « less
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
-
Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Conference Paper:
- https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9322635
