Rapid progress has been achieved in perovskite solar cells, improving the efficiency from 3.8 % to 25.7 % in less than a decade. However, the stability of perovskites still need to be improved before commercialization. This study reports the thermal stability of perovskites exposed to an ion beam irradiation. Such combined stressors are seen in atomic/nanoscale microscopy, where a perovskite lamella is characterized using a controlled heating/cooling stage. Focused ion beams (FIBs) are frequently used to section perovskites of interest. Previous studies proposed that high-energy electron beams could cause unexpectedly fast thermal degradation. Alternatively, the perovskite surface may be already altered during FIB processes, accelerating the deterioration. Here, we use a grazing angle argon ion (Ar+) beam directly irradiated on methyl-ammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) to test the impact of ion beams to degradation mechanisms.
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Photoemission Studies on the Environmental Stability of Thermal Evaporated MAPbI3 Thin Films and MAPbBr3 Single Crystals
Hybrid organic inorganic perovskites have been considered as a potential candidate for the next generational solar cell due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and rapid development in recent years. However, the biggest challenge to prevent them from massive commercial use is their long-term stability. Photoemission spectroscopy has been widely used to investigate properties of the perovskites, which provide critical insights to better understand the degradation mechanisms. In this article, we review mainly our photoemission studies on the degradation processes of perovskite thin films and single crystals with different environmental factors, such as gases, water, and light by monitoring changes of chemical composition and electronic structure. These studies on the effects by different environmental parameters are discussed for the understanding of the stability issues and the possible solutions.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1903962
- PAR ID:
- 10227539
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Energies
- Volume:
- 14
- Issue:
- 7
- ISSN:
- 1996-1073
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 2005
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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