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1. Creating a Large-Scale Audio-Aligned Parsed Corpus of Bilingual Russian Child and Child-Directed Speech (BiRCh): Challenges, Solutions, and Implications for Research [A construção de corpus de larga escala da fala bilíngue de crianças e da fala bilíngue dirigida à criança, anotado e alinhado aos arquivos de áudio: desafios, soluções e implicações para a pesquisa]

   https://doi.org/10.1590/2176-4573e55831  

   Lưu, Alex ; Koval, Pasha ; Malamud, Sophia A. ; Dubinina, Irina Y. ( October 2022 , Bakhtiniana: Revista de Estudos do Discurso)

   RESUMO O projeto BiRCh (The Corpus of Bilingual Russian Child Speech, Corpus de fala de crianças bilíngues em russo) envolve a construção de um corpus longitudinal composto de gravações de fala em russo produzida por crianças e suas famílias na Rússia, Ucrânia, Alemanha, EUA e Canadá. Estamos construindo um corpus de larga escala com base no conjunto dessas gravações, o ‘Parsed and Audio-aligned Corpus of Bilingual Russian Child and Child-directed Speech (BiRCh)’, com os dois componentes básicos: (1) as transcrições de um milhão de palavras alinhadas com os arquivos de áudio, em que pode ser realizada a busca textual, e (2) as transcrições de 500 mil palavras anotadas morfologicamente e analisadas sintaticamente, também alinhadas com os arquivos de áudio. Estamos utilizando o corpus para investigar os diversos fenômenos no input linguístico e na trajetória do desenvolvimento de falantes de herança, tais como o uso de caso, gênero, construções passivas e impessoais, marcadores de polidez, disfluências e marcadores discursivos. Este artigo enfoca os desafios e soluções no processo da construção do BiRCh e as implicações para a pesquisa com base nos dados detalhadamente anotados fornecidos pelo corpus. 

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2. Family Theories in Child-Robot Interactions: Understanding Families as a Whole for Child-Robot Interaction Design

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3585088.3589386  

   Cagiltay, Bengisu ; Mutlu, Bilge ; Kerr, Margaret L ( June 2023 , IDC '23: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference)

   In this work, we discuss a theoretically motivated family-centered design approach for child-robot interactions, adapted by Family Systems Theory (FST) and Family Ecological Model (FEM). Long-term engagement and acceptance of robots in the home is influenced by factors that surround the child and the family, such as child-sibling-parent relationships and family routines, rituals, and values. A family-centered approach to interaction design is essential when developing in-home technology for children, especially for social agents like robots with which they can form connections and relationships. We review related literature in family theories and connect it with child-robot interaction and child-computer interaction research. We present two case studies that exemplify how family theories, FST and FEM, can inform the integration of robots into homes, particularly research into child-robot and family-robot interaction. Finally, we pose five overarching recommendations for a family-centered design approach in child-robot interactions. 

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3. Is being an only child harmful to psychological health?: Evidence from an instrumental variable analysis of China’s One-Child Policy

   Zeng, S ; Li, F ; Ding, P ( January 2020 , Journal of the Royal Statistical Society)

   This paper evaluates the effects of being an only child in a family on psychological health, leveraging data on the One-Child Policy in China. We use an instrumental variable approach to address the potential unmeasured confounding between the fertility decision and psychological health, where the instrumental variable is an index on the intensity of the implementation of the One-Child Policy. We establish an analytical link between the local instrumental variable approach and principal stratification to accommodate the continuous instrumental variable. Within the principal stratification framework, we postulate a Bayesian hierarchical model to infer various causal estimands of policy interest while adjusting for the clustering data structure. We apply the method to the data from the China Family Panel Studies and find small but statistically significant negative effects of being an only child on self-reported psychological health for some subpopulations. Our analysis reveals treatment effect heterogeneity with respect to both observed and unobserved characteristics. In particular, urban males suffer the most from being only children, and the negative effect has larger magnitude if the families were more resistant to the One-Child Policy. We also conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the key instrumental variable assumption. 

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4. Partner Characteristics and Perceptions of Responsibility for Housework and Child Care: Responsibility for Housework and Child Care

   https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12526  

   Doan, Long ; Quadlin, Natasha ( August 2018 , Journal of Marriage and Family)
5. Child soil ingestion in rural Ghana – frequency, caregiver perceptions, relationship with household floor material and associations with child diarrhoea

   https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13050  

   Bauza, Valerie ; Byrne, Diana M. ; Trimmer, John T. ; Lardizabal, Amanda ; Atiim, Philip ; Asigbee, Mawuli A. K. ; Guest, Jeremy S. ( April 2018 , Tropical Medicine & International Health)

   The objectives of this work were to evaluate (i) the prevalence and frequency of caregiver‐reported soil ingestion by children, (ii) whether household flooring material in the bedroom (earthvs. concrete) affected caregiver‐reported soil ingestion, (iii) whether caregiver‐reported soil ingestion was associated with caregiver‐reported diarrhoea and (iv) caregivers’ perceptions of their children ingesting soil.

   We conducted 309 household surveys in northern Ghana, including 529 children under five (249 children aged 6–36 months), and measured faecal contamination in soil from 31 households.

   Among all children, 15% were reported to have directly ingested soil in the past week, including 28% of children aged 6–36 months. Among children reported to have ingested soil, the median frequency was 14 times in the past week, and the median amount of soil ingested each time was half a handful. There was no association between household floor material and whether the caregiver observed a child directly ingesting soil. After adjusting for household floor material and other potential confounding variables, caregiver‐reported soil ingestion was associated with caregiver‐reported diarrhoea for children under five [adjusted odds ratio (adj.OR) = 3.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.76–3.55] and children aged 6–36 months (adj.OR= 2.61, 95%CI2.01–3.39). Approximately 83% of caregivers whose children ingested soil reported they thought it was unsafe and were more likely to report stopping their child from ingesting soil, but these responses did not affect the quantity of soil ingested.

   Our results suggest direct soil ingestion is associated with diarrhoea independent of household floor material, and separate interventions may be necessary to prevent exploratory soil ingestion.

    

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