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1. Detecting sex-related differences in mesograzer feeding experiments: An often overlooked source of intraspecific variation in herbivory: Detecting sex-biased differences in herbivory

   https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10179  

   Cruz-Rivera, Edwin ; Petsche, Cheryl ; Hafez, Tamer ( June 2017 , Limnology and Oceanography: Methods)
2. Sex and regional differences in rabbit right ventricular L-type calcium current levels and mathematical modelling of arrhythmia vulnerability: Sex differences in right ventricular L-type Ca 2+ current levels

   https://doi.org/10.1113/EP085977  

   Kalik, Zane M. ; Mike, Joshua L. ; Slipski, Cassandra ; Wright, Moriah ; Jalics, Jozsi Z. ; Womble, Mark D. ( July 2017 , Experimental Physiology)
3. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

   https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1115  

   Walter, Kathryn V. ; Conroy-Beam, Daniel ; Buss, David M. ; Asao, Kelly ; Sorokowska, Agnieszka ; Sorokowski, Piotr ; Aavik, Toivo ; Akello, Grace ; Alhabahba, Mohammad Madallh ; Alm, Charlotte ; et al ( July 2021 , Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences)

   A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries ( n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences. 

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4. Species and sex differences in vocalizations between sex-role reversed shorebirds, Northern Jacana (Jacana spinosa) and Wattled Jacana (J. jacana)

   https://doi.org/10.1676/1559-4491-132.2.343  

   Buck, Evan J. ; Brown, Toni ; Zwicky, Gina ; Derryberry, Elizabeth P. ; Lipshutz, Sara E. ( June 2020 , The Wilson Journal of Ornithology)
5. Sex‐related differences in aging rate are associated with sex chromosome system in amphibians

   https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14410  

   Cayuela, Hugo ; Lemaître, Jean‐François ; Léna, Jean‐Paul ; Ronget, Victor ; Martínez‐Solano, Iñigo ; Muths, Erin ; Pilliod, David S. ; Schmidt, Benedikt R. ; Sánchez‐Montes, Gregorio ; Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez, Jorge ; et al ( December 2021 , Evolution)

   Sex-related differences in mortality are widespread in the animal kingdom. Although studies have shown that sex determination systems might drive lifespan evolution, sex chromosome influence on aging rates have not been investigated so far, likely due to an apparent lack of demographic data from clades including both XY (with heterogametic males) and ZW (heterogametic females) systems. Taking advantage of a unique collection of capture–recapture datasets in amphibians, a vertebrate group where XY and ZW systems have repeatedly evolved over the past 200 million years, we examined whether sex heterogamy can predict sex differences in aging rates and lifespans. We showed that the strength and direction of sex differences in aging rates (and not lifespan) differ between XY and ZW systems. Sex-specific variation in aging rates was moderate within each system, but aging rates tended to be consistently higher in the heterogametic sex. This led to small but detectable effects of sex chromosome system on sex differences in aging rates in our models. Although preliminary, our results suggest that exposed recessive deleterious mutations on the X/Z chromosome (the “unguarded X/Z effect”) or repeat-rich Y/W chromosome (the “toxic Y/W effect”) could accelerate aging in the heterogametic sex in some vertebrate clades. 

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