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  • Sex‐associated differences in pathology burden in early‐onset Alzheimer’s disease: Neuroimaging: Sex and ethnoracial differences – Biomarkers
Title: Sex‐associated differences in pathology burden in early‐onset Alzheimer’s disease: Neuroimaging: Sex and ethnoracial differences – Biomarkers
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  1. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Biology of Sex Differences)
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  2. (, Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology)
  3. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences)
    A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries ( n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences. 
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  4. ; ; ; ; (, bioRxiv)
    Sex-biased longevity is observed across a wide range of animal taxa, including bats, for reasons not well understood. Patterns of cytosine methylation vary predictably with age in many organisms, offering a valuable means to investigate differences in patterns of aging at the molecular level. We tested sex differences in cytosine methylation across 14 bat species and compared patterns of age-associated variation. Sex differences were overrepresented on the X chromosome, showing a strong pattern of female hypermethylation within promoter regions. Sex and age-associated differences in methylation were non-randomly distributed with respect to proximity to putative sex hormone receptor binding sites, with sites hypermethylated in males and females tending to be underrepresented near androgen and estrogen receptor binding sites, respectively. Across species, we observed the relative steepness of male versus female slopes of age-associated variation was associated with the strength of precopulatory sexual selection, with especially strong trends towards male-biased age-associated slopes in two harem-polygynous species that exhibit female-biased longevity. Our results offer insights into how patterns of methylation differ across sexes and ages, and raise intriguing questions for future research, such as whether sex differences in molecular aging reflect sex-biased longevity, for which records in bats are sparse. 
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  5. ; (, Neural Regeneration Research)
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