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1. Mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar filters: bandpass, bandstop, and multi-band designs

   https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078719000230  

   Dakotah, Simpson; Garcia-Gomez, Roberto; Psychogiou, Dimitra (June 2019, International journal of microwave and wireless technologies)

   The design of mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar bandpass filters (BPFs), bandstop filters (BSFs), and multi-band filters is reported. The proposed quasi-reflectionless filter architectures comprise a main filtering section that determines the power transmission response (bandpass, bandstop, or multi-band type) of the overall circuit network and auxiliary sections that absorb the reflected radio-frequency (RF) signal energy. By loading the input and output ports of the main filtering section with auxiliary filtering sections that exhibit a complementary transfer function with regard to the main one, a symmetric quasi-reflectionless behavior can be obtained at both accesses of the overall filter. The operating principles of the proposed filter concept are shown through synthesized first-order BPF and BSF designs. Selectivity-increase techniques are also described. They are based on: (i) cascading in-series multiple first-order stages and (ii) increasing the order of the filtering sections. Moreover, the RF design of quasi-reflectionless multi-band BPFs and BSFs is discussed. A hybrid integration scheme in which microstrip-type and lumped-elements are effectively combined within the filter volume is investigated for size miniaturization purposes. For experimental validation purposes, two quasi-reflectionless BPF prototypes (one- and two-stage architectures) centered at 2 GHz and a second-order BSF prototype centered at 1 GHz were designed, manufactured, and measured. 

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2. High-Order Input-Reflectionless Bandpass/Bandstop Filters and Multiplexers

   https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2924975  

   Gomez-Garcia, Roberto; Munoz-Ferreras, Jose-Maria; Psychogiou, Dimitra (July 2019, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques)

   A coupling-matrix approach for the theoretical design of a type of input-reflectionless RF/microwave bandpass filters (BPFs) and bandstop filters (BSFs) is presented. They are based on diplexer architectures with arbitrary-order bandpass and bandstop filtering channels that feature complementary transfer functions. The transmission behavior of these reflectionless filters is defined by the channel that is not loaded at its output, whereas the input-signal energy that is not transmitted by this branch is completely dissipated by the loading resistor of the other channel. Analytical formulas for the coupling coefficients for the first-to-fourth-order filter designs are provided and validated through several synthesis examples. This theoretical design methodology, along with an optimization step, is also exploited to design input-quasi-reflectionless quasielliptic- type BPFs with a transmission-zero-(TZ)-generation cell in their bandpass filtering channel. In addition, the application of the proposed input-reflectionless BPF and BSF networks to input-quasi-reflectionless multiplexer design is approached. It is shown that a single resistively terminated multi-band BSF branch can absorb the input-signal energy not transmitted by the multiplexer channels in their common stopband regions to achieve quasi-reflectionless characteristics at its input. Moreover, experimental microstrip prototypes consisting of 2-GHz third-order BPF and BSF circuits, a 2-GHz sharp-rejection thirdorder BPF with two close-to-passband TZs, and a second-order diplexer device with channels centered at 1.75 and 2.1 GHz are developed and measured. 

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3. Input-Reflectionless Out-of-Phase 3-dB Bandpass Filtering Couplers

   Gomez-Garcia, Roberto; Munoz-Ferreras, Jose-Maria; Psychogiou, Dimitra (May 2019, 2019 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS))

   A class of out-of-phase 3-dB bandpass-filtering couplers with input-reflectionless capabilities is presented. To obtain the bandpass-filter (BPF) functionality, identical BPF sections are respectively co-integrated in the coupler signal paths from the input to the direct and coupled ports. Furthermore, a resistivelyterminated bandstop-filter (BSF) section with complementary transfer function with regard to the one of the BPF section is loaded at the coupler input access. In this manner, the RF inputsignal energy that is not transmitted to the direct and coupled terminals is dissipated by the loading resistor of the BSF section. Hence, the input-reflectionless behavior is realized. Optimizationbased first-to-third-order design examples are shown. Moreover, for practical-validation purposes of this RF tri-functional device, a 2-GHz second-order microstrip prototype is built and tested. 

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4. Multirate Audiometric Filter Bank for Hearing Aid Devices

   https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF53345.2021.9723257  

   Sokolova, Alice; Sengupta, Dhiman; Chen, Kuan-Lin; Gupta, Rajesh; Aksanli, Baris; Harris, Fredric; Garudadri, Harinath (October 2021, 2021 55th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers)

   The frequency-dependent nature of hearing loss poses many challenges for hearing aid design. In order to compensate for a hearing aid user’s unique hearing loss pattern, an input signal often needs to be separated into frequency bands, or channels, through a process called sub-band decomposition. In this paper, we present a real-time filter bank for hearing aids. Our filter bank features 10 channels uniformly distributed on the logarithmic scale, located at the standard audiometric frequencies used for the characterization and fitting of hearing aids. We obtained filters with very narrow passbands in the lower frequencies by employing multi-rate signal processing. Our filter bank offers a 9.1× reduction in complexity as compared to conventional signal processing. We implemented our filter bank on Open Speech Platform, an open-source hearing aid, and confirmed real-time operation. 

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5. AutoFR: Automated Filter Rule Generation for Adblocking

   Le, Hieu; Elmalaki, Salma; Markopoulou, Athina; Shafiq, zubair (January 2023, Proceedings of USENIX Security 2023)

   Adblocking relies on filter lists, which are manually curated and maintained by a community of filter list authors. Filter list curation is a laborious process that does not scale well to a large number of sites or over time. In this paper, we introduce AutoFR, a reinforcement learning framework to fully automate the process of filter rule creation and evaluation for sites of interest. We design an algorithm based on multi-arm bandits to generate filter rules that block ads while controlling the trade-off between blocking ads and avoiding visual breakage. We test AutoFR on thousands of sites and we show that it is efficient: it takes only a few minutes to generate filter rules for a site of interest. AutoFR is effective: it generates filter rules that can block 86% of the ads, as compared to 87% by EasyList, while achieving comparable visual breakage. Furthermore, AutoFR generates filter rules that generalize well to new sites. We envision that AutoFR can assist the adblocking community in filter rule generation at scale. 

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