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1. Ultra-low threshold polariton condensation

   https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.42.001165  

   Steger, Mark ; Fluegel, Brian ; Alberi, Kirstin ; Snoke, David W. ; Pfeiffer, Loren N. ; West, Ken ; Mascarenhas, Angelo ( March 2017 , Optics Letters)
2. Low-Cost Purpose-Built Ultra-Low-Field NMR Spectrometer

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03149  

   Chowdhury, Md_Raduanul H ; Ahmed, Firoz ; Oladun, Clementinah ; Adelabu, Isaiah ; Abdurraheem, Abubakar ; Nantogma, Shiraz ; Birchall, Jonathan R ; Gafar, Tobi Abdulbasit ; Chekmenev, Yuri A ; Nikolaou, Panayiotis ; et al ( October 2024 , Analytical Chemistry)
3. Energy scavenging from ultra-low temperature gradients

   https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ee03084g  

   Kishore, Ravi Anant ; Davis, Brenton ; Greathouse, Jake ; Hannon, Austin ; Emery Kennedy, David ; Millar, Alec ; Mittel, Daniel ; Nozariasbmarz, Amin ; Kang, Min Gyu ; Kang, Han Byul ; et al ( March 2019 , Energy & Environmental Science)

   Thermal energy harvesting from natural resources and waste heat is becoming critical due to ever-increasing environmental concerns. However, so far, available thermal energy harvesting technologies have only been able to generate electricity from large temperature gradients. Here, we report a fundamental breakthrough in low-grade thermal energy harvesting and demonstrate a device based on the thermomagnetic effect that uses ambient conditions as the heat sink and operates from a heat source at temperatures as low as 24 °C. This concept can convert temperature gradients as low as 2 °C into electricity while operating near room temperature. The device is found to exhibit a power density (power per unit volume of active material) of 105 μW cm −3 at a temperature difference of 2 °C, which increases to 465 μW cm −3 at a temperature difference of 10 °C. The power density increases by 2.5 times in the presence of wind with a speed of 2.0 m s −1 . This advancement in thermal energy harvesting technology will have a transformative effect on renewable energy generation and in reducing global warming. 

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4. PULS: Processor-Supported Ultra-Low Latency Scheduling

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3209582.3226043  

   Yau, Simon ; Hsieh, Ping-Chun ; Bhattacharyya, Rajarshi ; Bhargav, K. R. ; Shakkottai, Srinivas ; Hou, I-Hong ; Kumar, P. R. ( January 2018 , Mobihoc '18 Proceedings of the Eighteenth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing)
5. Enabling ultra-low-voltage switching in BaTiO3

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01266-6  

   Jiang, Y. ; Parsonnet, E. ; Qualls, A. ; Zhao, W. ; Susarla, S. ; Pesquera, D. ; Dasgupta, A. ; Acharya, M. ; Zhang, H. ; Gosavi, T. ; et al ( May 2022 , Nature Materials)

   Single crystals of BaTiO3 exhibit small switching fields and energies, but thin-film performance is considerably worse, thus precluding their use in next-generation devices. Here, we demonstrate high-quality BaTiO3 thin films with nearly bulk-like properties. Thickness scaling provides access to the coercive voltages (<100 mV) and fields (<10 kV cm−1) required for future applications and results in a switching energy of <2 J cm−3 (corresponding to <2 aJ per bit in a 10 × 10 × 10 nm3 device). While reduction in film thickness reduces coercive voltage, it does so at the expense of remanent polarization. Depolarization fields impact polar state stability in thicker films but fortunately suppress the coercive field, thus driving a deviation from Janovec–Kay–Dunn scaling and enabling a constant coercive field for films <150 nm in thickness. Switching studies reveal fast speeds (switching times of ~2 ns for 25-nm-thick films with 5-µm-diameter capacitors) and a pathway to subnanosecond switching. Finally, integration of BaTiO3 thin films onto silicon substrates is shown. We also discuss what remains to be demonstrated to enable the use of these materials for next-generation devices. 

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