Title: A muon-track reconstruction exploiting stochastic losses for large-scale Cherenkov detectors
Abstract IceCube is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov telescope operating at the South Pole. The main goal of IceCube is the detection of astrophysical neutrinos and the identification of their sources. High-energy muon neutrinos are observed via the secondary muons produced in charge current interactions with nuclei in the ice. Currently, the best performing muon track directional reconstruction is based on a maximum likelihood method using the arrival time distribution of Cherenkov photons registered by the experiment's photomultipliers. A known systematic shortcoming of the prevailing method is to assume a continuous energy loss along the muon track. However at energies >1 TeV the light yield from muons is dominated by stochastic showers. This paper discusses a generalized ansatz where the expected arrival time distribution is parametrized by a stochastic muon energy loss pattern. This more realistic parametrization of the loss profile leads to an improvement of the muon angular resolution of up to 20% for through-going tracks and up to a factor 2 for starting tracks over existing algorithms. Additionally, the procedure to estimate the directional reconstruction uncertainty has been improved to be more robust against numerical errors. more »« less
The Glashow resonance describes the resonant formation of a W− boson during the interaction of a high-energy electron antineutrino with an electron1, peaking at an antineutrino energy of 6.3 petaelectronvolts (PeV) in the rest frame of the electron. Whereas this energy scale is out of reach for currently operating and future planned particle accelerators, natural astrophysical phenomena are expected to produce antineutrinos with energies beyond the PeV scale. Here we report the detection by the IceCube neutrino observatory of a cascade of high-energy particles (a particle shower) consistent with being created at the Glashow resonance. A shower with an energy of 6.05 ± 0.72 PeV (determined from Cherenkov radiation in the Antarctic Ice Sheet) was measured. Features consistent with the production of secondary muons in the particle shower indicate the hadronic decay of a resonant W− boson, confirm that the source is astrophysical and provide improved directional localization. The evidence of the Glashow resonance suggests the presence of electron antineutrinos in the astrophysical flux, while also providing further validation of the standard model of particle physics. Its unique signature indicates a method of distinguishing neutrinos from antineutrinos, thus providing a way to identify astronomical accelerators that produce neutrinos via hadronuclear or photohadronic interactions, with or without strong magnetic fields. As such, knowledge of both the flavour (that is, electron, muon or tau neutrinos) and charge (neutrino or antineutrino) will facilitate the advancement of neutrino astronomy.
Abstract The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic kilometer scale Cherenkov detector deployed in the deep ice at the geographic South Pole, investigates extreme astrophysical phenomena by studying the corresponding high-energy neutrino signal. Its discovery of a diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos with energies up to the PeV scale in 2013 has triggered a vast effort to identify the mostly unknown sources of these high energy neutrinos. Here, we present a new IceCube point-source search that improves the accuracy of the statistical analysis, especially at energies of a few TeV and below. The new approach is based on multidimensional kernel density estimation for the probability density functions and new estimators for the observables, namely the reconstructed energy and the estimated angular uncertainty on the reconstructed arrival direction. The more accurate analysis provides an improvement in discovery potential up to ∼30% over previous works for hard spectrum sources.
Andeen, Karen; Plum, Matthias; Lhenry-Yvon, I.; Biteau, J.; Deligny, O.; Ghia, P.(
, EPJ Web of Conferences)
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the geographic South Pole, with its surface array IceTop, detects three different components of extensive air showers: the total signal at the surface, low energy muons on the periphery of the showers, and high energy muons in the deep In Ice array of IceCube. These measurements enable determination of the energy spectrum and composition of cosmic rays from PeV to EeV energies, the anisotropy in the distribution of cosmic ray arrival directions, the muon density of cosmic ray air showers, and the PeV gamma-ray flux. Furthermore, IceTop can be used as a veto for the neutrino measurements. The latest results from these IceTop analyses will be presented along with future plans.
Abbasi, R.U.(
, Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
Ultra-high-energy (UHE) photons are an important tool for studying the high-energy Universe. A plausible source of photons with exa-eV (EeV) energy is provided by UHE cosmic rays (UHECRs) undergoing the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin process (Greisen 1966; Zatsepin & Kuzmin 1966) or pair production process (Blumenthal 1970) on a cosmic background radiation. In this context, the EeV photons can be a probe of both UHECR mass composition and the distribution of their sources (Gelmini, Kalashev & Semikoz 2008; Hooper, Taylor & Sarkar 2011). At the same time, the possible flux of photons produced by UHE protons in the vicinity of their sources by pion photoproduction or inelastic nuclear collisions would be noticeable only for relatively near sources, as the attenuation length of UHE photons is smaller than that of UHE protons; see, for example, Bhattacharjee & Sigl (2000) for a review. There also exists a class of so-called top-down models of UHECR generation that efficiently produce the UHE photons, for instance by the decay of heavy dark-matter particles (Berezinsky, Kachelriess & Vilenkin 1997; Kuzmin & Rubakov 1998) or by the radiation from cosmic strings (Berezinsky, Blasi & Vilenkin 1998). The search for the UHE photons was shown to be the most sensitive method of indirect detection of heavy dark matter (Kalashev & Kuznetsov 2016, 2017; Kuznetsov 2017; Kachelriess, Kalashev & Kuznetsov 2018; Alcantara, Anchordoqui & Soriano 2019). Another fundamental physics scenario that could be tested with UHE photons (Fairbairn, Rashba & Troitsky 2011) is the photon mixing with axion-like particles (Raffelt & Stodolsky 1988), which could be responsible for the correlation of UHECR events with BL Lac type objects observed by the High Resolution Fly’s Eye (HiRes) experiment (Gorbunov et al. 2004; Abbasi et al. 2006). In most of these scenarios, a clustering of photon arrival directions, rather than diffuse distribution, is expected, so point-source searches can be a suitable test for photon - axion-like particle mixing models. Finally, UHE photons could also be used as a probe for the models of Lorentz-invariance violation (Coleman & Glashow 1999; Galaverni & Sigl 2008; Maccione, Liberati & Sigl 2010; Rubtsov, Satunin & Sibiryakov 2012, 2014).
The Telescope Array (TA; Tokuno et al. 2012; Abu-Zayyad et al. 2013c) is the largest cosmic ray experiment in the Northern Hemisphere. It is located at 39.3° N, 112.9° W in Utah, USA. The observatory includes a surface detector array (SD) and 38 fluorescence telescopes grouped into three stations. The SD consists of 507 stations that contain plastic scintillators, each with an area of 3 m2 (SD stations). The stations are placed in the square grid with 1.2 km spacing and cover an area of ∼700 km2. The TA SD is capable of detecting extensive air showers (EASs) in the atmosphere caused by cosmic particles of EeV and higher energies. The TA SD has been operating since 2008 May.
A hadron-induced EAS significantly differs from an EAS induced by a photon because the depth of the shower maximum Xmax for a photon shower is larger, and a photon shower contains fewer muons and has a more curved front (see Risse & Homola 2007 for a review). The TA SD stations are sensitive to both muon and electromagnetic components of the shower and therefore can be triggered by both hadron-induced and photon-induced EAS events.
In the present study, we use 9 yr of TA SD data for a blind search for point sources of UHE photons. We utilize the statistics of the SD data, which benefit from a high duty cycle. The full Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of proton-induced and photon-induced EAS events allows us to perform the photon search up to the highest accessible energies, E ≳ 1020 eV. As the main tool for the present photon search, we use a multivariate analysis based on a number of SD parameters that make it possible to distinguish between photon and hadron primaries.
While searches for diffuse UHE photons were performed by several EAS experiments, including Haverah Park (Ave et al. 2000), AGASA (Shinozaki et al. 2002; Risse et al. 2005), Yakutsk (Rubtsov et al. 2006; Glushkov et al. 2007, 2010), Pierre Auger (Abraham et al. 2007, 2008a; Bleve 2016; Aab et al. 2017c) and TA (Abu-Zayyad et al. 2013b; Abbasi et al. 2019a), the search for point sources of UHE photons has been done only by the Pierre Auger Observatory (Aab et al. 2014, 2017a). The latter searches were based on hybrid data and were limited to the 1017.3 < E < 1018.5 eV energy range. In the present paper, we use the TA SD data alone. We perform the searches in five energy ranges: E > 1018, E > 1018.5, E > 1019, E > 1019.5 and E > 1020 eV. We find no significant evidence of photon point sources in all energy ranges and we set the point-source flux upper limits from each direction in the TA field of view (FOV). The search for unspecified neutral particles was also previously performed by the TA (Abbasi et al. 2015). The limit on the point-source flux of neutral particles obtained in that work is close to the present photon point-source flux limits.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the geographic South Pole is composed of two detectors. One is the in-ice optical array, which measures high-energy muons from air showers and charged particles produced by the interaction of high-energy neutrinos in the ice. The other is an array of ice-Cherenkov tanks at the surface, called IceTop, which is used both as veto for the in-ice neutrino measurements and for detecting cosmic-ray air showers. In the next decade, the IceCube-Gen2 extension will increase the surface coverage including surface radio antennas and scintillator panels on the footprint of an extended optical array in the ice. The combination of the current surface and in-ice detectors can be exploited for the study of cosmic rays and the search for PeV gamma rays. The in-ice detector measures the high-energy muonic component of air showers, whereas the signal in IceTop is dominated by the electromagnetic component. The relative size of the muonic and electromagnetic components is different for gamma-and hadron-induced air showers. Thus, the gamma-hadron separation of cosmic rays is attempted using machine learning techniques including deep learning. Here, different approaches are presented. Finally, the prospects for the detection of PeV photons with IceCube-Gen2 will be discussed.
Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J.A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A.A., Amin, N.M., An, R., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., Balagopal V., A., Barbano, A., Barwick, S.W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J.J., Becker, K.-H., Becker Tjus, J., Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D.Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Busse, R.S., Campana, M.A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B.A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G.H., Conrad, J.M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D.F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J.J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K.D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J.C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M.A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P.A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A.R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A.T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., K. Gaisser, T., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J.G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A.A., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E.C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G.C., Hoffman, K.D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G.S., Jeong, M., Jones, B.J.P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J.L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S.R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D.J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J.L., Larson, M.J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J.P., Lee, J.W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q.R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C.J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W.Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K.B.M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I.C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R.W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyễn, L.V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M.U., Nowicki, S.C., Nygren, D.R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D.V., Park, N., Parker, G.K., Paudel, E.N., Paul, L., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P.B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G.T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I.C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sanchez Herrera, S.E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F.G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G.M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G.W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C.F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C.F., Twagirayezu, J.P., Ty, B., Unland Elorrieta, M.A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T.B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M.J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B.J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C.H., Williams, D.R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X.W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J.P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., and Zhang, Z. A muon-track reconstruction exploiting stochastic losses for large-scale Cherenkov detectors. Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10320548. Journal of Instrumentation 16.08 Web. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08034.
Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J.A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A.A., Amin, N.M., An, R., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., Balagopal V., A., Barbano, A., Barwick, S.W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J.J., Becker, K.-H., Becker Tjus, J., Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D.Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Busse, R.S., Campana, M.A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B.A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G.H., Conrad, J.M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D.F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J.J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K.D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J.C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M.A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P.A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A.R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A.T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., K. Gaisser, T., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J.G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A.A., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E.C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G.C., Hoffman, K.D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G.S., Jeong, M., Jones, B.J.P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J.L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S.R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D.J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J.L., Larson, M.J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J.P., Lee, J.W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q.R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C.J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W.Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K.B.M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I.C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R.W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyễn, L.V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M.U., Nowicki, S.C., Nygren, D.R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D.V., Park, N., Parker, G.K., Paudel, E.N., Paul, L., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P.B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G.T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I.C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sanchez Herrera, S.E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F.G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G.M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G.W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C.F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C.F., Twagirayezu, J.P., Ty, B., Unland Elorrieta, M.A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T.B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M.J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B.J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C.H., Williams, D.R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X.W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J.P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., & Zhang, Z. A muon-track reconstruction exploiting stochastic losses for large-scale Cherenkov detectors. Journal of Instrumentation, 16 (08). Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10320548. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08034
Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J.A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A.A., Amin, N.M., An, R., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Axani, S., Bai, X., Balagopal V., A., Barbano, A., Barwick, S.W., Bastian, B., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J.J., Becker, K.-H., Becker Tjus, J., Bellenghi, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D.Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Browne, S., Burgman, A., Busse, R.S., Campana, M.A., Chen, C., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B.A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G.H., Conrad, J.M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D.F., Cross, R., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J.J., Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., De Ridder, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K.D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Dharani, S., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J.C., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M.A., Dvorak, E., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P.A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A.R., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A.T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., K. Gaisser, T., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J.G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griffith, Z., Griswold, S., Gündüz, M., Günther, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Ha Minh, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A.A., Haungs, A., Hauser, S., Hebecker, D., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E.C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G.C., Hoffman, K.D., Hoffmann, R., Hoinka, T., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G.S., Jeong, M., Jones, B.J.P., Joppe, R., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J.L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S.R., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D.J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kurahashi, N., Kyriacou, A., Lagunas Gualda, C., Lanfranchi, J.L., Larson, M.J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J.P., Lee, J.W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Liu, Q.R., Lohfink, E., Lozano Mariscal, C.J., Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W.Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K.B.M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I.C., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merz, J., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R.W., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyễn, L.V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M.U., Nowicki, S.C., Nygren, D.R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Oehler, M., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D.V., Park, N., Parker, G.K., Paudel, E.N., Paul, L., Pérez de los Heros, C., Philippen, S., Pieloth, D., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Prado Rodriguez, M., Price, P.B., Pries, B., Przybylski, G.T., Raab, C., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I.C., Rehman, A., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk Cantu, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sanchez Herrera, S.E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Scharf, M., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F.G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Spiczak, G.M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G.W., Taboada, I., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tomankova, L., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C.F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C.F., Twagirayezu, J.P., Ty, B., Unland Elorrieta, M.A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijk, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Verpoest, S., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Watson, T.B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M.J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whelan, B.J., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C.H., Williams, D.R., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X.W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J.P., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., and Zhang, Z.
"A muon-track reconstruction exploiting stochastic losses for large-scale Cherenkov detectors". Journal of Instrumentation 16 (08). Country unknown/Code not available. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08034.https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10320548.
@article{osti_10320548,
place = {Country unknown/Code not available},
title = {A muon-track reconstruction exploiting stochastic losses for large-scale Cherenkov detectors},
url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10320548},
DOI = {10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08034},
abstractNote = {Abstract IceCube is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov telescope operating at the South Pole. The main goal of IceCube is the detection of astrophysical neutrinos and the identification of their sources. High-energy muon neutrinos are observed via the secondary muons produced in charge current interactions with nuclei in the ice. Currently, the best performing muon track directional reconstruction is based on a maximum likelihood method using the arrival time distribution of Cherenkov photons registered by the experiment's photomultipliers. A known systematic shortcoming of the prevailing method is to assume a continuous energy loss along the muon track. However at energies >1 TeV the light yield from muons is dominated by stochastic showers. This paper discusses a generalized ansatz where the expected arrival time distribution is parametrized by a stochastic muon energy loss pattern. This more realistic parametrization of the loss profile leads to an improvement of the muon angular resolution of up to 20% for through-going tracks and up to a factor 2 for starting tracks over existing algorithms. Additionally, the procedure to estimate the directional reconstruction uncertainty has been improved to be more robust against numerical errors.},
journal = {Journal of Instrumentation},
volume = {16},
number = {08},
author = {Abbasi, R. and Ackermann, M. and Adams, J. and Aguilar, J.A. and Ahlers, M. and Ahrens, M. and Alispach, C. and Alves, A.A. and Amin, N.M. and An, R. and Andeen, K. and Anderson, T. and Ansseau, I. and Anton, G. and Argüelles, C. and Axani, S. and Bai, X. and Balagopal V., A. and Barbano, A. and Barwick, S.W. and Bastian, B. and Basu, V. and Baur, S. and Bay, R. and Beatty, J.J. and Becker, K.-H. and Becker Tjus, J. and Bellenghi, C. and BenZvi, S. and Berley, D. and Bernardini, E. and Besson, D.Z. and Binder, G. and Bindig, D. and Blaufuss, E. and Blot, S. and Borowka, J. and Böser, S. and Botner, O. and Böttcher, J. and Bourbeau, E. and Bourbeau, J. and Bradascio, F. and Braun, J. and Bron, S. and Brostean-Kaiser, J. and Browne, S. and Burgman, A. and Busse, R.S. and Campana, M.A. and Chen, C. and Chirkin, D. and Choi, K. and Clark, B.A. and Clark, K. and Classen, L. and Coleman, A. and Collin, G.H. and Conrad, J.M. and Coppin, P. and Correa, P. and Cowen, D.F. and Cross, R. and Dave, P. and De Clercq, C. and DeLaunay, J.J. and Dembinski, H. and Deoskar, K. and De Ridder, S. and Desai, A. and Desiati, P. and de Vries, K.D. and de Wasseige, G. and de With, M. and DeYoung, T. and Dharani, S. and Diaz, A. and Díaz-Vélez, J.C. and Dujmovic, H. and Dunkman, M. and DuVernois, M.A. and Dvorak, E. and Ehrhardt, T. and Eller, P. and Engel, R. and Erpenbeck, H. and Evans, J. and Evenson, P.A. and Fahey, S. and Fazely, A.R. and Fiedlschuster, S. and Fienberg, A.T. and Filimonov, K. and Finley, C. and Fischer, L. and Fox, D. and Franckowiak, A. and Friedman, E. and Fritz, A. and Fürst, P. and K. Gaisser, T. and Gallagher, J. and Ganster, E. and Garrappa, S. and Gerhardt, L. and Ghadimi, A. and Glaser, C. and Glauch, T. and Glüsenkamp, T. and Goldschmidt, A. and Gonzalez, J.G. and Goswami, S. and Grant, D. and Grégoire, T. and Griffith, Z. and Griswold, S. and Gündüz, M. and Günther, C. and Haack, C. and Hallgren, A. and Halliday, R. and Halve, L. and Halzen, F. and Ha Minh, M. and Hanson, K. and Hardin, J. and Harnisch, A.A. and Haungs, A. and Hauser, S. and Hebecker, D. and Helbing, K. and Henningsen, F. and Hettinger, E.C. and Hickford, S. and Hignight, J. and Hill, C. and Hill, G.C. and Hoffman, K.D. and Hoffmann, R. and Hoinka, T. and Hokanson-Fasig, B. and Hoshina, K. and Huang, F. and Huber, M. and Huber, T. and Hultqvist, K. and Hünnefeld, M. and Hussain, R. and In, S. and Iovine, N. and Ishihara, A. and Jansson, M. and Japaridze, G.S. and Jeong, M. and Jones, B.J.P. and Joppe, R. and Kang, D. and Kang, W. and Kang, X. and Kappes, A. and Kappesser, D. and Karg, T. and Karl, M. and Karle, A. and Katz, U. and Kauer, M. and Kellermann, M. and Kelley, J.L. and Kheirandish, A. and Kin, K. and Kintscher, T. and Kiryluk, J. and Klein, S.R. and Koirala, R. and Kolanoski, H. and Köpke, L. and Kopper, C. and Kopper, S. and Koskinen, D.J. and Koundal, P. and Kovacevich, M. and Kowalski, M. and Krings, K. and Kurahashi, N. and Kyriacou, A. and Lagunas Gualda, C. and Lanfranchi, J.L. and Larson, M.J. and Lauber, F. and Lazar, J.P. and Lee, J.W. and Leonard, K. and Leszczyńska, A. and Li, Y. and Liu, Q.R. and Lohfink, E. and Lozano Mariscal, C.J. and Lu, L. and Lucarelli, F. and Ludwig, A. and Luszczak, W. and Lyu, Y. and Ma, W.Y. and Madsen, J. and Mahn, K.B.M. and Makino, Y. and Mancina, S. and Mariş, I.C. and Maruyama, R. and Mase, K. and McNally, F. and Meagher, K. and Medina, A. and Meier, M. and Meighen-Berger, S. and Merz, J. and Micallef, J. and Mockler, D. and Montaruli, T. and Moore, R.W. and Morse, R. and Moulai, M. and Naab, R. and Nagai, R. and Naumann, U. and Necker, J. and Nguyễn, L.V. and Niederhausen, H. and Nisa, M.U. and Nowicki, S.C. and Nygren, D.R. and Obertacke Pollmann, A. and Oehler, M. and Olivas, A. and O'Sullivan, E. and Pandya, H. and Pankova, D.V. and Park, N. and Parker, G.K. and Paudel, E.N. and Paul, L. and Pérez de los Heros, C. and Philippen, S. and Pieloth, D. and Pieper, S. and Pizzuto, A. and Plum, M. and Popovych, Y. and Porcelli, A. and Prado Rodriguez, M. and Price, P.B. and Pries, B. and Przybylski, G.T. and Raab, C. and Raissi, A. and Rameez, M. and Rawlins, K. and Rea, I.C. and Rehman, A. and Reimann, R. and Renzi, G. and Resconi, E. and Reusch, S. and Rhode, W. and Richman, M. and Riedel, B. and Robertson, S. and Roellinghoff, G. and Rongen, M. and Rott, C. and Ruhe, T. and Ryckbosch, D. and Rysewyk Cantu, D. and Safa, I. and Saffer, J. and Sanchez Herrera, S.E. and Sandrock, A. and Sandroos, J. and Santander, M. and Sarkar, S. and Sarkar, S. and Satalecka, K. and Scharf, M. and Schaufel, M. and Schieler, H. and Schlunder, P. and Schmidt, T. and Schneider, A. and Schneider, J. and Schröder, F.G. and Schumacher, L. and Sclafani, S. and Seckel, D. and Seunarine, S. and Sharma, A. and Shefali, S. and Silva, M. and Skrzypek, B. and Smithers, B. and Snihur, R. and Soedingrekso, J. and Soldin, D. and Spiczak, G.M. and Spiering, C. and Stachurska, J. and Stamatikos, M. and Stanev, T. and Stein, R. and Stettner, J. and Steuer, A. and Stezelberger, T. and Stürwald, T. and Stuttard, T. and Sullivan, G.W. and Taboada, I. and Tenholt, F. and Ter-Antonyan, S. and Tilav, S. and Tischbein, F. and Tollefson, K. and Tomankova, L. and Tönnis, C. and Toscano, S. and Tosi, D. and Trettin, A. and Tselengidou, M. and Tung, C.F. and Turcati, A. and Turcotte, R. and Turley, C.F. and Twagirayezu, J.P. and Ty, B. and Unland Elorrieta, M.A. and Valtonen-Mattila, N. and Vandenbroucke, J. and van Eijk, D. and van Eijndhoven, N. and Vannerom, D. and van Santen, J. and Verpoest, S. and Vraeghe, M. and Walck, C. and Wallace, A. and Watson, T.B. and Weaver, C. and Weigel, P. and Weindl, A. and Weiss, M.J. and Weldert, J. and Wendt, C. and Werthebach, J. and Weyrauch, M. and Whelan, B.J. and Whitehorn, N. and Wiebusch, C.H. and Williams, D.R. and Wolf, M. and Woschnagg, K. and Wrede, G. and Wulff, J. and Xu, X.W. and Xu, Y. and Yanez, J.P. and Yoshida, S. and Yuan, T. and Zhang, Z.},
}
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