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1. Analog Category and Complexity

   Knudsen, Ben; Weinberger, Shmuel (June 2024, SIAM journal on applied algebra and geometry)

   We study probabilistic variants of the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category and topological complexity, which bound the classical invariants from below. We present a number of computations illustrating both wide agreement and wide disagreement with the classical notions. In the aspherical case, where our invariants are group invariants, we establish a counterpart of the Eilenberg– Ganea theorem in the torsion-free case, as well as a contrasting universal upper bound in the finite case. 

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2. Ultra-Low-Power and Compact-Area Analog Audio Feature Extraction Based on Time-Mode Analog Filterbank Interpolation and Time-Mode Analog Rectification

   https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2022.3227246  

   Ray, Subhajit; Kinget, Peter R. (April 2023, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits)
3. Memristive Field‐Programmable Analog Arrays for Analog Computing

   https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202206648  

   Li, Yunning; Song, Wenhao; Wang, Zhongrui; Jiang, Hao; Yan, Peng; Lin, Peng; Li, Can; Rao, Mingyi; Barnell, Mark; Wu, Qing; et al (December 2022, Advanced Materials)

   Abstract The increasing interests in analog computing nowadays call for multipurpose analog computing platforms with reconfigurability. The advancement of analog computing, enabled by novel electronic elements like memristors, has shown its potential to sustain the exponential growth of computing demand in the new era of analog data deluge. Here, a platform of a memristive field‐programmable analog array (memFPAA) is experimentally demonstrated with memristive devices serving as a variety of core analog elements and CMOS components as peripheral circuits. The memFPAA is reconfigured to implement a first‐order band pass filter, an audio equalizer, and an acoustic mixed frequency classifier, as application examples. The memFPAA, featured with programmable analog memristors, memristive routing networks, and memristive vector‐matrix multipliers, opens opportunities for fast prototyping analog designs as well as efficient analog applications in signal processing and neuromorphic computing. 

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4. Analog Hardware Trojan Vulnerability in the Analog Signal Chain

   Banahene, K.; Strong, M.; Gadogbe, M.; Chen, D.; and Geiger, R.L. (January 2021, Proceedings GOMACTech)

   Hardware security vulnerabilities to hardware Trojans in widely used filter structures are identified. The widely used two-integrator loop filter architecture known as the Kerwin-Huelsman-Newcomb (KHN) Biquad is used to demonstrate the vulnerability. It is shown that the relationship between the passive component values and the nonlinear amplifier parameters, the slew rate and the output saturation voltages, determine the presence or absence of a stationary nonlinear undesired oscillatory mode of operation. Experimental results obtained from a discrete component filter demonstrate the vulnerability to the Trojan mode of operation in this filter structure. 

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5. Analog High-Level Synthesis for Field Programmable Analog Arrays

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ORSS62274.2024.10697957  

   Hanks, Luke; Lonergan, Cullen; Richardson, Karsten; Hasler, Jennifer; Mathews, Pranav; Ige, Afolabi (April 2024, IEEE)

   In this paper, we describe our effort to extend the development of a standard framework for analog computing through further developing and integrating an existing high level synthesis (HLS) tool for analog system design. These Python and Scilab based tools allow designers to design and implement reconfigurable systems on field-programmable analog arrays (FPAA). In doing this, we can provide a way to have the same ease of development that digital integrated circuits (ICs) have with the field-programmable gate-array (FPGA). We describe the importance of analog computing, the state of the old tool flow, our contributions to upgrading the tool flow, and our demonstration of the working tools. 

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