More Like this

1. Dynamical Modeling and Distributed Control of Connected and Automated Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities

   https://doi.org/10.1109/MITS.2017.2709781  

   Shengbo Eben Li, Yang Zheng ( July 2017 , IEEE intelligent transportation systems magazine)

   The platooning of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is expected to have a transformative impact on road transportation, e.g., enhancing highway safety, improving traffic utility, and reducing fuel consumption. Requiring only local information, distributed control schemes are scalable approaches to the coordination of multiple CAVs without using centralized communication and computation. From the perspective of multi-agent consensus control, this paper introduces a decomposition framework to model, analyze, and design the platoon system. In this framework, a platoon is naturally decomposed into four interrelated components, i.e., 1) node dynamics, 2) information flow network, 3) distributed controller, and 4) geometry formation. Themore »classic model of each component is summarized according to the results of the literature survey; four main performance metrics, i.e., internal stability, stability margin, string stability, and coherence behavior, are discussed in the same fashion. Also, the basis of typical distributed control techniques is presented, including linear consensus control, distributed robust control, distributed sliding mode control, and distributed model predictive control.« less
2. REPLACE: Real-time Security Assurance in Vehicular Platoons Against V2V Attacks

   Boddupalli, S ; Hegde, A ; Ray, S. ( January 2021 , 24th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation (ITSC 2021))

   Connected Autonomous Vehicular (CAV) platoon refers to a group of vehicles that coordinate their movements and operate as a single unit. The vehicle at the head acts as the leader of the platoon and determines the course of the vehicles following it. The follower vehicles utilize Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication and automated driving support systems to automatically maintain a small fixed distance between each other. Reliance on V2V communication exposes platoons to several possible malicious attacks which can compromise the safety, stability, and efficiency of the vehicles. We present a novel distributed resiliency architecture, RePLACe for CAV platoon vehicles to defendmore »against adversaries corrupting V2V communication reporting preceding vehicle position. RePLACe is unique in that it can provide real-time defense against a spectrum of communication attacks. RePLACe provides systematic augmentation of a platoon controller architecture with real-time detection and mitigation functionality using machine learning. Unlike computationally intensive cryptographic solutions RePLACe accounts for the limited computation capabilities provided by automotive platforms as well as the real-time requirements of the application. Furthermore, unlike control-theoretic approaches, the same framework works against the broad spectrum of attacks. We also develop a systematic approach for evaluation of resiliency of CAV applications against V2V attacks. We perform extensive experimental evaluation to demonstrate the efficacy of RePLACe.« less
3. Characterizing Connected and Automated Vehicle Platooning Vulnerability under Periodic Perturbation

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC48978.2021.9565052  

   Wang, Pengcheng ; Wu, Xinkai ; He, Xiaozheng ( September 2021 , 2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC))

   The performance of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) platoons, aimed at improving traffic efficiency and safety, depends on vehicle dynamics and communication reliability. However, CAVs are vulnerable to perturbations in vehicular communication. Such endogenous vulnerability can induce oscillatory dynamics to CAVs, leading to the failure of platooning. Differing from previous work on CA V platoon stability, this research exploits CAV platooning vulnerability under periodic perturbation by formulating the oscillatory dynamics as vibrations in a mechanical system. Akin to other mechanical systems, a CAV platoon has its inherent oscillation frequency, exhibiting unique characteristics in a perturbed travel environment. To this end,more »this paper proposes an approach to characterize the CAV platooning vulnerability using the mechanical vibration theory. The employed theory reveals that CAV platooning vulnerability mainly associates with its resonance frequency, through which a small periodic perturbation can amplify the platoon oscillation. The analytical formulation and simulation results show that preventing periodic perturbations from a platoon's resonance frequency is crucial to enhance the CAV platooning reliability and suppress large amplitude oscillations, helping to secure the expected benefits of CAV platoons.« less
4. Damping behavior analysis for connected automated vehicles with linear car following control

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103617  

   Wang, Pengcheng ; He, Xiaozheng ; Wei, Yu ; Wu, Xinkai ; Wang, Yunpeng ( March 2022 , Transportation research Part C Emerging technologies)

   Connected automated vehicles (CAVs), built upon advanced vehicle control and communication technology, can improve traffic throughput, safety, and energy efficiency. Previous studies on CAVs control focus on instability and stability properties of CAV platoons; however, these analyses cannot reveal the damping platoon oscillation characteristics, which are important for enhancing CAV platoon reliability against variant continuous perturbations. To this end, this research seeks to characterize the damping oscillations of CAVs through exploiting the platoon's unforced oscillatory, i.e., damping behavior. Inspired by the mechanical vibration theory, the proposed approach is applied to a CAV platoon with linear car-following control formulated as Helly'smore »model and the predecessor-following communication topology. The proposed approach is applied to a CAV platoon with the linear car-following control formulated as Helly's model and the predecessor-following communication topology. Numerical analysis results show that a periodic perturbation with the resonance frequency of the CAV platoon will amplify the oscillation and lead to the severest oscillatory traffic. Our analysis highlights the importance of preventing platoon oscillations from resonance in ensuring CAV platooning reliability.« less
5. Adaptive Vehicle Platooning with Joint Network-Traffic Approach

   https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM46510.2021.9685116  

   Mahabal, Chinmay ; Fang, Hua ; Wang, Honggang ; Yang, Qing ( December 2021 , 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM))

   The Intelligent Transportation System has become one of the most globally researched topics, with Connected and Autonomous Vehicles(CAV) at its core. The CAV applications can be improved by the study of vehicle platooning immune to realtime traffic and vehicular network losses. In this work, we explore the need to integrate the Network model and Platooning system model for highway environments. The proposed platoon model is designed to be adaptive in length, providing the node vehicles to merge and exit. This overcomes the assumption that all the platoon nodes should have a common source and destination. The challenges of the existingmore »platoon model, such as relay selection, acceleration threshold, are addressed for highly modular platoon design. The presented algorithm for merge and exit events optimizes the trade-off between network parameters such as communication range and vehicle dynamic parameters such as velocity and acceleration threshold. It considers the network bounds like SINR and link stability and vehicle trajectory parameters like the duration of the vehicle in the platoon. This optimizes the traffic throughput while maintaining stability using the PID controller. The work tries to increase the vehicle inclusion time in the platoon while preserving the overall traffic throughput.« less