More Like this

1. Optical and Near-infrared Continuum Emission Region Size Measurements in the Lensed Quasar FBQ J0951+2635

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acdb4f  

   Rivera, Angelica B. ; Morgan, Christopher W. ; Florence, Steven M. ; Dahm, Scott E. ; Vrba, Frederick J. ; Tilleman, Trudy M. ; Cornachione, Matthew A. ; Falco, Emilio E. ( July 2023 , The Astrophysical Journal)

   We present 10 seasons of Sloan Digital Sky Surveyr-band monitoring observations and five seasons ofH-band observations of the two-image system FBQ J0951+2635 from the Kaj Strand Astrometric Reflector at the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station. We supplement our light curves with six seasons of monitoring data from the literature to yield a 10 + 6 season combined data set, which we analyzed with our Monte Carlo microlensing analysis routine to generate constraints on the structure of this system’s continuum emission source and the properties of the lens galaxy. Complementing our optical light curves with the five-season near-infrared light curves, we ran a joint Monte Carlo analysis to measure the size of the continuum emission region at both wavelengths, yielding log(r_1/2cm⁻¹) =${16.24}_{-0.36}^{+0.33}$in therband and${17.04}_{-0.30}^{+0.26}$in theHband at rest wavelengths of 2744 and 7254 Å, respectively, correcting for an assumed inclination angle of 60°. Modeling the accretion disk temperature profile as a power lawT(r) ∝r^−β, we successfully constrain the slope for FBQ J0951+2635 to$\beta ={0.50}_{-0.18}^{+0.50}$, shallower than, but nominally consistent with, the predictions of standard thin-disk theory,β= 0.75.

    

   more » « less
2. (Digital Presentation) Multimodal Encapsulation of p-SnOx to Engineer the Carrier Density for Thin Film Transistor Applications

   https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2022-0215821mtgabs  

   Lee, Dong Hun ; Zhang, Yuxuan ; No, Kwangsoo ; Song, Han Wook ; Lee, Sunghwan ( October 2022 , ECS Meeting Abstracts)

   It has been challenging to synthesize p-type SnO_x(1≤x<2) and engineer the electrical properties such as carrier density and mobility due to the narrow processing window and the localized oxygen 2p orbitals near the valence band.

   We recently reported on the processing of p-type SnOx and an oxide-based p-n heterostructures, demonstrating high on/off rectification ratio (>10³), small turn-on voltage (<0.5 V), and low saturation current (~1×10^-10A)¹. In order to further understand the p-type oxide and engineer the properties for various electronic device applications, it is important to identify (or establish) the dominating doping and transport mechanisms. The low dopability in p-type SnOx, of which the causation is also closely related to the narrow processing window, needs to be mitigated so that the electrical properties of the material are to be adequately engineered^{2, 3}.

   Herein, we report on the multifunctional encapsulation of p-SnO_xto limit the surface adsorption of oxygen and selectively permeate hydrogen into the p-SnO_xchannel for thin film transistor (TFT) applications. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements identified that ultra-thin SiO₂as a multifunctional encapsulation layer effectively suppressed the oxygen adsorption on the back channel surface of p-SnO_xand augmented hydrogen density across the entire thickness of the channel. Encapsulated p-SnO_x-based TFTs demonstrated much-enhanced channel conductance modulation in response to the gate bias applied, featuring higher on-state current and lower off-state current. The relevance between the TFT performance and the effects of oxygen suppression and hydrogen permeation is discussed in regard to the intrinsic and extrinsic doping mechanisms. These results are supported by density-functional-theory calculations.

   Acknowledgement

   This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Award No. ECCS-1931088. S.L. and H.W.S. acknowledge the support from the Improvement of Measurement Standards and Technology for Mechanical Metrology (Grant No. 20011028) by KRISS. K.N. was supported by Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2021R11A1A01051246) through the NRF Korea funded by the Ministry of Education.

   References

   Lee, D. H.; Park, H.; Clevenger, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, C. S.; Liu, M.; Kim, G.; Song, H. W.; No, K.; Kim, S. Y.; Ko, D.-K.; Lucietto, A.; Park, H.; Lee, S., High-Performance Oxide-Based p–n Heterojunctions Integrating p-SnOx and n-InGaZnO.ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces2021,13(46), 55676-55686.

   Hautier, G.; Miglio, A.; Ceder, G.; Rignanese, G.-M.; Gonze, X., Identification and design principles of low hole effective mass p-type transparent conducting oxides.Nat Commun2013,4.

   Yim, K.; Youn, Y.; Lee, M.; Yoo, D.; Lee, J.; Cho, S. H.; Han, S., Computational discovery of p-type transparent oxide semiconductors using hydrogen descriptor.npj Computational Materials2018,4(1), 17.

   Figure 1

    

   more » « less
3. Type-II WS 2 –ReSe 2 heterostructure and its charge-transfer properties

   https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.374  

   Han, Xiuxiu ; He, Dawei ; Zhang, Lu ; Hao, Shengcai ; Liu, Shuangyan ; Fu, Jialu ; Miao, Qing ; He, Jiaqi ; Wang, Yongsheng ; Zhao, Hui ( June 2020 , Journal of Materials Research)

   We fabricated a van der Waals heterostructure of WS 2 –ReSe 2 and studied its charge-transfer properties. Monolayers of WS 2 and ReSe 2 were obtained by mechanical exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition, respectively. The heterostructure sample was fabricated by transferring the WS 2 monolayer on top of ReSe 2 by a dry transfer process. Photoluminescence quenching was observed in the heterostructure, indicating efficient interlayer charge transfer. Transient absorption measurements show that holes can efficiently transfer from WS 2 to ReSe 2 on an ultrafast timescale. Meanwhile, electron transfer from ReSe 2 to WS 2 was also observed. The charge-transfer properties show that monolayers of ReSe 2 and WS 2 form a type-II band alignment, instead of type-I as predicted by theory. The type-II alignment is further confirmed by the observation of extended photocarrier lifetimes in the heterostructure. These results provide useful information for developing van der Waals heterostructure involving ReSe 2 for novel electronic and optoelectronic applications and introduce ReSe 2 to the family of two-dimensional materials to construct van der Waals heterostructures. 

   more » « less
4. Visible and near-infrared spectro-interferometric analysis of the edge-on Be star o Aquarii

   https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936039  

   de Almeida, E. S. ; Meilland, A. ; Domiciano de Souza, A. ; Stee, P. ; Mourard, D. ; Nardetto, N. ; Ligi, R. ; Tallon-Bosc, I. ; Faes, D. M. ; Carciofi, A. C. ; et al ( April 2020 , Astronomy & Astrophysics)

   Aims. We present a detailed visible and near-infrared spectro-interferometric analysis of the Be-shell star o Aquarii from quasi-contemporaneous CHARA/VEGA and VLTI/AMBER observations. Methods. We analyzed spectro-interferometric data in the H α (VEGA) and Br γ (AMBER) lines using models of increasing complexity: simple geometric models, kinematic models, and radiative transfer models computed with the 3D non-LTE code HDUST. Results. We measured the stellar radius of o Aquarii in the visible with a precision of 8%: 4.0 ± 0.3 R ⊙ . We constrained the circumstellar disk geometry and kinematics using a kinematic model and a MCMC fitting procedure. The emitting disk sizes in the H α and Br γ lines were found to be similar, at ~10–12 stellar diameters, which is uncommon since most results for Be stars indicate a larger extension in H α than in Br γ . We found that the inclination angle i derived from H α is significantly lower (~15°) than the one derived from Br γ : i ~ 61.2° and 75.9°, respectively. While the two lines originate from a similar region of the disk, the disk kinematics were found to be near to the Keplerian rotation (i.e., β = −0.5) in Br γ ( β ~ −0.43), but not in H α ( β ~ −0.30). After analyzing all our data using a grid of HDUST models (BeAtlas), we found a common physical description for the circumstellar disk in both lines: a base disk surface density Σ 0 = 0.12 g cm −2 and a radial density law exponent m = 3.0. The same kind of discrepancy, as with the kinematic model, is found in the determination of i using the BeAtlas grid. The stellar rotational rate was found to be very close (~96%) to the critical value. Despite being derived purely from the fit to interferometric data, our best-fit HDUST model provides a very reasonable match to non-interferometric observables of o Aquarii: the observed spectral energy distribution, H α and Br γ line profiles, and polarimetric quantities. Finally, our analysis of multi-epoch H α profiles and imaging polarimetry indicates that the disk structure has been (globally) stable for at least 20 yr. Conclusions. Looking at the visible continuum and Br γ emission line only, o Aquarii fits in the global scheme of Be stars and their circumstellar disk: a (nearly) Keplerian rotating disk well described by the viscous decretion disk (VDD) model. However, the data in the H α line shows a substantially different picture that cannot fully be understood using the current generation of physical models of Be star disks. The Be star o Aquarii presents a stable disk (close to the steady-state), but, as in previous analyses, the measured m is lower than the standard value in the VDD model for the steady-state regime ( m = 3.5). This suggests that some assumptions of this model should be reconsidered. Also, such long-term disk stability could be understood in terms of the high rotational rate that we measured for this star, the rate being a main source for the mass injection in the disk. Our results on the stellar rotation and disk stability are consistent with results in the literature showing that late-type Be stars are more likely to be fast rotators and have stable disks. 

   more » « less
5. Hidden non-collinear spin-order induced topological surface states

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47340-2  

   Huang, Zengle ; Yi, Hemian ; Kaplan, Daniel ; Min, Lujin ; Tan, Hengxin ; Chan, Ying-Ting ; Mao, Zhiqiang ; Yan, Binghai ; Chang, Cui-Zu ; Wu, Weida ( April 2024 , Nature Communications)

   Rare-earth monopnictides are a family of materials simultaneously displaying complex magnetism, strong electronic correlation, and topological band structure. The recently discovered emergent arc-like surface states in these materials have been attributed to the multi-wave-vector antiferromagnetic order, yet the direct experimental evidence has been elusive. Here we report observation of non-collinear antiferromagnetic order with multiple modulations using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Moreover, we discover a hidden spin-rotation transition of single-to-multiple modulations 2 K below the Néel temperature. The hidden transition coincides with the onset of the surface states splitting observed by our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Single modulation gives rise to a band inversion with induced topological surface states in a local momentum region while the full Brillouin zone carries trivial topological indices, and multiple modulation further splits the surface bands via non-collinear spin tilting, as revealed by our calculations. The direct evidence of the non-collinear spin order in NdSb not only clarifies the mechanism of the emergent topological surface states, but also opens up a new paradigm of control and manipulation of band topology with magnetism.

    

   more » « less