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1. Zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s in water: from upper critical solution temperature (UCST) to lower critical solution temperature (LCST) with increasing length of one alkyl substituent on the nitrogen atom

   https://doi.org/10.1039/C8PY01211C  

   Wang, Ning ; Seymour, Bryan T. ; Lewoczko, Evan M. ; Kent, Ethan W. ; Chen, Ming-Li ; Wang, Jian-Hua ; Zhao, Bin ( November 2018 , Polymer Chemistry)

   By gradually increasing the length of one linear alkyl substituent from one to seven carbon atoms on the nitrogen atom while keeping another substituent as a methyl group, poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s are found to exhibit a wide range of solution behavior in water, ranging from UCST, to totally soluble in water, to LCST, and then insoluble in water. 

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2. Reactive transport in a partially molten system with binary solid solution: MELT TRANSPORT WITH SOLID SOLUTION

   https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GC005956  

   Jordan, Jacob S. ; Hesse, Marc A. ( December 2015 , Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems)
3. Quantifying reversible nitrogenous ligand binding to Co( ii ) porphyrin receptors at the solution/solid interface and in solution

   https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04109B  

   Johnson, Kristen N. ; Hipps, K. W. ; Mazur, Ursula ( November 2020 , Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics)

   null (Ed.)

   We present a quantitative study comparing the binding of 4-methoxypyridine, MeOPy, ligand to Co( ii )octaethylporphyrin, CoOEP, at the phenyloctane/HOPG interface and in toluene solution. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to study the ligand binding to the porphyrin receptors adsorbed on graphite. Electronic spectroscopy was employed for examining this process in fluid solution. The on surface coordination reaction was completely reversible and followed a simple Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Ligand affinities (or Δ G ) for the binding processes in the two different chemical environments were determined from the respective equilibrium constants. The free energy value of −13.0 ± 0.3 kJ mol −1 for the ligation reaction of MeOPy to CoOEP at the solution/HOPG interface is less negative than the Δ G for cobalt porphyrin complexed to the ligand in solution, −16.8 ± 0.2 kJ mol −1 . This result indicates that the MeOPy–CoOEP complex is more stable in solution than on the surface. Additional thermodynamic values for the formation of the surface ligated species (Δ H c = −50 kJ mol −1 and Δ S c = −120 J mol −1 ) were extracted from temperature dependent STM measurements. Density functional computational methods were also employed to explore the energetics of both the solution and surface reactions. At high concentrations of MeOPy the monolayer was observed to be stripped from the surface. Computational results indicate that this is not because of a reduction in adsorption energy of the MeOPy–CoOEP complex. Nearest neighbor analysis of the MeOPy–CoOEP in the STM images revealed positive cooperative ligand binding behavior. Our studies bring new insights to the general principles of affinity and cooperativity in the ligand–receptor interactions at the solution/solid interface. Future applications of STM will pave the way for new strategies designing highly functional multisite receptor systems for sensing, catalysis, and pharmacological applications. 

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4. Effects of N -Substituents on the Solution Behavior of Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s in Water: Upper and Lower Critical Solution Temperature Transitions

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c01191  

   Lewoczko, Evan M. ; Wang, Ning ; Lundberg, Claire E. ; Kelly, Michael T. ; Kent, Ethan W. ; Wu, Tao ; Chen, Ming-Li ; Wang, Jian-Hua ; Zhao, Bin ( February 2021 , ACS Applied Polymer Materials)

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5. Comparing Strong and Weak Halogen Bonding in Solution: 13 C NMR, UV/Vis, Crystallographic, and Computational Studies of an Intramolecular Model: Comparing Strong and Weak Halogen Bonding in Solution: 13 C NMR, UV/Vis, Crystallographic, and Computational Studies of an Intramolecular Model

   https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201700969  

   Widner, Danielle L. ; Robinson, Emily R. ; Perez, Alejandra B. ; Vang, Herh G. ; Thorson, Rachel A. ; Driscoll, Zakarias L. ; Giebel, Sierra M. ; Berndt, Calvin W. ; Bosch, Eric ; Speetzen, Erin D. ; et al ( October 2017 , European Journal of Organic Chemistry)