skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Title: Phenomenologies of intermittent Hall MHD turbulence
We introduce the concept of intermittency dimension for the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) to quantify the intermittency effect. With dependence on the intermittency dimension, we derive phenomenological laws for intermittent MHD turbulence with and without the Hall effect. In particular, scaling laws of dissipation wavenumber, energy spectra and structure functions are predicted. Moreover, we are able to provide estimates for energy spectra and structure functions which are consistent with the predicted scalings.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
2009422 1815069
PAR ID:
10340704
Author(s) / Creator(s):
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B
Volume:
0
Issue:
0
ISSN:
1531-3492
Page Range / eLocation ID:
0
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Abstract A particular type of dyadic model for the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with dominating forward energy cascade is studied. The model includes intermittency dimension $$\delta $$ in the nonlinear scales. It is shown that when $$\delta $$ is small, positive solution with large initial data for either the dyadic MHD or the dyadic Hall MHD model develops blowup in finite time. Moreover, for a class of positive initial data with large velocity components and small magnetic field components, we prove that there exists a positive solution that blows up at a finite time. 
    more » « less
  2. ABSTRACT We investigate the spectral properties of the electromagnetic fluctuations of sub-ion scale turbulence in weakly collisional, low-beta plasmas using a two-field isothermal gyrofluid model. The numerical results strongly support a description of the turbulence as a critically balanced Kolmogorov-like cascade of kinetic Alfvén wave fluctuations, as amended by previous studies to include intermittency effects. The measured universal index of the energy spectra from systems with different flux-unfreezing mechanisms excludes the role of tearing mediation in determining the spectra. The fluctuations remain isotropic in the plane perpendicular to the strong background magnetic fields as they cascade to smaller scales, which explains the absence of tearing mediation. The calculation of high-order, multipoint structure functions of magnetic fluctuations suggests that the intermittent structures have a quasi-2D, sheet-type morphology. These results are useful for explaining recent observations of the spectrum and structure of magnetic and density fluctuations in the solar wind at sub-proton scales, and are relevant for modelling the energy dissipation in a broad range of astrophysical systems. 
    more » « less
  3. Abstract In this Letter we investigate the dependency with scale of the empirical probability distribution functions (PDF) of Elsasser increments using large sets ofWINDdata (collected between 1995 and 2017) near 1 au. The empirical PDF are compared to the ones obtained from high-resolution numerical simulations of steadily driven, homogeneous reduced MHD turbulence on a 20483rectangular mesh. A large statistical sample of Alfvénic increments is obtained by using conditional analysis based on the solar wind average properties. The PDF tails obtained from observations and numerical simulations are found to have exponential behavior in the inertial range, with an exponential decrement that satisfies power laws of the formαl∝l−μ, wherelis the scale size, withμbetween 0.17 and 0.25 for observations and 0.43 for simulations. PDF tails were extrapolated assuming their exponential behavior extends to arbitrarily large increments in order to determine structure function scaling laws at very high orders. Our results point to potentially universal scaling laws governing the PDF of Elsasser increments and to an alternative approach to investigate high-order statistics in solar wind observations. 
    more » « less
  4. ABSTRACT The nature of cosmic ray (CR) transport in the Milky Way remains elusive. The predictions of current microphysical CR transport models in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are drastically different from what is observed. These models usually focus on MHD turbulence with a strong guide field and ignore the impact of turbulent intermittency on particle propagation. This motivates our studying the alternative regime of large-amplitude turbulence with δB/B0 ≫ 1, in which intermittent small-scale magnetic field reversals are ubiquitous. We study particle transport in such turbulence by integrating trajectories in stationary snapshots. To quantify spatial diffusion, we use a set-up with continuous particle injection and escape, which we term the turbulent leaky box. We find that particle transport is very different from the strong guide-field case. Low-energy particles are better confined than high-energy particles, despite less efficient pitch-angle isotropization at small energies. In the limit of weak guide field, energy-dependent confinement is driven by the energy-dependent (in)ability to follow reversing magnetic field lines exactly and by the scattering in regions of ‘resonant curvature’, where the field line bends on a scale that is of the order of the local particle gyro-radius. We derive a heuristic model of particle transport in magnetic folds that approximately reproduces the energy dependence of transport found numerically. We speculate that CR propagation in the Galaxy is regulated by the intermittent field reversals highlighted here and discuss the implications of our findings for CR transport in the Milky Way. 
    more » « less
  5. Abstract In the context of incompressible fluids, the observation that turbulent singular structures fail to be space filling is known as “intermittency”, and it has strong experimental foundations. Consequently, as first pointed out by Landau, real turbulent flows do not satisfy the central assumptions of homogeneity and self-similarity in the K41 theory, and the K41 prediction of structure function exponents$$\zeta _p={p}/{3}$$ ζ p = p / 3 might be inaccurate. In this work we prove that, in the inviscid case, energy dissipation that is lower-dimensional in an appropriate sense implies deviations from the K41 prediction in everyp-th order structure function for$$p>3$$ p > 3 . By exploiting a Lagrangian-type Minkowski dimension that is very reminiscent of the Taylor’sfrozen turbulencehypothesis, our strongest upper bound on$$\zeta _p$$ ζ p coincides with the$$\beta $$ β -model proposed by Frisch, Sulem and Nelkin in the late 70s, adding some rigorous analytical foundations to the model. More generally, we explore the relationship between dimensionality assumptions on the dissipation support and restrictions on thep-th order absolute structure functions. This approach differs from the current mathematical works on intermittency by its focus on geometrical rather than purely analytical assumptions. The proof is based on a new local variant of the celebrated Constantin-E-Titi argument that features the use of a third order commutator estimate, the special double regularity of the pressure, and mollification along the flow of a vector field. 
    more » « less