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1. Moment maps, nonlinear PDE and stability in mirror symmetry, I: geodesics.

   Collins, Tristan C.; Yau, Shing-Tung (January 2021, Annals of PDE)

   null (Ed.)

   In this paper, the first in a series, we study the deformed Hermitian-Yang-Mills (dHYM) equation from the variational point of view as an infinite dimensional GIT problem. The dHYM equation is mirror to the special Lagrangian equation, and our infinite dimensional GIT problem is mirror to Thomas' GIT picture for special Lagrangians. This gives rise to infinite dimensional manifold H closely related to Solomon's space of positive Lagrangians. In the hypercritical phase case we prove the existence of smooth approximate geodesics, and weak geodesics with C1,α regularity. This is accomplished by proving sharp with respect to scale estimates for the Lagrangian phase operator on collapsing manifolds with boundary. As an application of our techniques we give a simplified proof of Chen's theorem on the existence of C1,α geodesics in the space of Kähler metrics. In two follow up papers, these results will be used to examine algebraic obstructions to the existence of solutions to dHYM and special Lagrangians in Landau-Ginzburg models. 

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2. Local stationarity in exponential last-passage percolation

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00440-021-01035-7  

   Balázs, Márton; Busani, Ofer; Seppäläinen, Timo (June 2021, Probability Theory and Related Fields)

   Abstract We consider point-to-point last-passage times to every vertex in a neighbourhood of size $$\delta N^{\nicefrac {2}{3}}$$ δ N 2 3 at distance N from the starting point. The increments of the last-passage times in this neighbourhood are shown to be jointly equal to their stationary versions with high probability that depends only on $$\delta $$ δ . Through this result we show that (1) the $$\text {Airy}_2$$ Airy 2 process is locally close to a Brownian motion in total variation; (2) the tree of point-to-point geodesics from every vertex in a box of side length $$\delta N^{\nicefrac {2}{3}}$$ δ N 2 3 going to a point at distance N agrees inside the box with the tree of semi-infinite geodesics going in the same direction; (3) two point-to-point geodesics started at distance $$N^{\nicefrac {2}{3}}$$ N 2 3 from each other, to a point at distance N , will not coalesce close to either endpoint on the scale N . Our main results rely on probabilistic methods only. 

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3. Convergence of the environment seen from geodesics in exponential last-passage percolation

   https://doi.org/10.4171/JEMS/1594  

   Martin, James B; Sly, Allan; Zhang, Lingfu (March 2025, Journal of the European Mathematical Society)

   A well-known question in planar first-passage percolation concerns the convergence of the empirical distribution of weights as seen along geodesics. We demonstrate this convergence for an explicit model, directed last-passage percolation on\mathbb{Z}^{2}with i.i.d. exponential weights, and provide explicit formulae for the limiting distributions, which depend on the asymptotic direction. For example, for geodesics in the direction of the diagonal, the limiting weight distribution has density(1/4+x/2+x^{2}/8)e^{-x}, and so is a mixture of Gamma(1,1), Gamma(2,1), and Gamma(3,1) distributions with weights1/4,1/2, and1/4respectively. More generally, we study the local environment as seen from vertices along geodesics (including information about the shape of the path and about the weights on and off the path in a local neighborhood). We consider finite geodesics from(0,0)ton\boldsymbol{\rho}for some vector\boldsymbol{\rho}in the first quadrant, in the limit asn\to\infty, as well as semi-infinite geodesics in direction\boldsymbol{\rho}. We show almost sure convergence of the empirical distributions of the environments along these geodesics, as well as convergence of the distributions of the environment around a typical point in these geodesics, to the same limiting distribution, for which we give an explicit description.We make extensive use of a correspondence with TASEP as seen from an isolated second-class particle for which we prove new results concerning ergodicity and convergence to equilibrium. Our analysis relies on geometric arguments involving estimates for last-passage times, available from the integrable probability literature. 

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4. Spectral form factor of a quantum spin glass

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2022)032  

   Winer, Michael; Barney, Richard; Baldwin, Christopher L.; Galitski, Victor; Swingle, Brian (September 2022, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A bstract It is widely expected that systems which fully thermalize are chaotic in the sense of exhibiting random-matrix statistics of their energy level spacings, whereas integrable systems exhibit Poissonian statistics. In this paper, we investigate a third class: spin glasses. These systems are partially chaotic but do not achieve full thermalization due to large free energy barriers. We examine the level spacing statistics of a canonical infinite-range quantum spin glass, the quantum p -spherical model, using an analytic path integral approach. We find statistics consistent with a direct sum of independent random matrices, and show that the number of such matrices is equal to the number of distinct metastable configurations — the exponential of the spin glass “complexity” as obtained from the quantum Thouless-Anderson-Palmer equations. We also consider the statistical properties of the complexity itself and identify a set of contributions to the path integral which suggest a Poissonian distribution for the number of metastable configurations. Our results show that level spacing statistics can probe the ergodicity-breaking in quantum spin glasses and provide a way to generalize the notion of spin glass complexity beyond models with a semi-classical limit. 

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5. Non-existence of bi-infinite geodesics in the exponential corner growth model

   https://doi.org/10.1017/fms.2020.31  

   Balázs, Márton; Busani, Ofer; Seppäläinen, Timo (January 2020, Forum of Mathematics, Sigma)

   null (Ed.)

   Abstract This paper gives a self-contained proof of the non-existence of nontrivial bi-infinite geodesics in directed planar last-passage percolation with exponential weights. The techniques used are couplings, coarse graining, and control of geodesics through planarity and estimates derived from increment-stationary versions of the last-passage percolation process. 

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