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The structure of power flows in transmission grids is evolving and is likelyto change significantly in the coming years due to the rapid growth ofrenewable energy generation that introduces randomness and bidirectionalpower flows. Another transformative aspect is the increasing penetrationof various smart-meter technologies. Inexpensive measurement devicescan be placed at practically any component of the grid. Using modeldata reflecting smart-meter measurements,we propose a two-stage procedure for detecting a fault in a regional powergrid. In the first stage, a fault is detected in real time. In the second stage,the faulted line is identified with a negligible delay. The approach uses onlythe voltage modulus measured at buses (nodes of the grid) as the input.Our method does not require prior knowledge of thefault type. The method is fully implemented in R.Pseudo code and complete mathematical formulas are provided.
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Unfulfilled promise: social acceptance of the smart grid
Abstract Smart grids use digital information technology to simultaneously increase energy efficiency while integrating renewables into the electric grid, making it a critical component of achieving a low-carbon energy system. Prior research on the social acceptance of smart grids has relied on either single time point assessment (i.e. prior to a smart grid rollout) or experimental and lab settings. These approaches miss key aspects of social acceptance because they fail to capture change over time through the interaction between stakeholders, technology, and utilities. In contrast, we compare two waves of survey data on the social acceptance of smart grid technologies, the first (n= 609) prior to a local rollout of a smart grid program in upstate New York and the second (n= 533) two years after the same rollout. Our results demonstrate that in contrast to the hopes of smart energy advocates, the social acceptance of four dimensions of smart grids either remain steady or decline over time. Further analyses reveal that the factors that shape acceptance also change over time. This study demonstrates that the social acceptance of smart grids may actually decrease over time even with the robust engagement of consumers, not only challenging optimistic views of smart grid technology but also challenging broader theoretical arguments in the literature on the social acceptance of energy technologies.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1632124
- PAR ID:
- 10361884
- Publisher / Repository:
- IOP Publishing
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Research Letters
- Volume:
- 16
- Issue:
- 3
- ISSN:
- 1748-9326
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- Article No. 034019
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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