Cosmic reionization was the last major phase transition of hydrogen from neutral to highly ionized in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Current observations show that the IGM is significantly neutral at
The formation and evolution of post-solitons has been discussed for quite some time both analytically and through the use of particle-in-cell (PIC) codes. It is however only recently that they have been directly observed in laser-plasma experiments. Relativistic electromagnetic (EM) solitons are localised structures that can occur in collisionless plasmas. They consist of a low-frequency EM wave trapped in a low electron number-density cavity surrounded by a shell with a higher electron number-density. Here we describe the results of an experiment in which a 100 TW Ti:sapphire laser (30 fs, 800 nm) irradiates a
- Award ID(s):
- 1903098
- Publication Date:
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10362639
- Journal Name:
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
- Volume:
- 63
- Issue:
- 7
- Page Range or eLocation-ID:
- Article No. 074001
- ISSN:
- 0741-3335
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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