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Contact line dynamics is crucial in determining the deposition patterns of evaporating colloidal droplets. Using high-speed interferometry, we directly observe the stick-slip motion of the contact line in situ and are able to resolve the instantaneous shape of the inkjet-printed, evaporating pico-liter drops containing nanoparticles of varying wettability. Integrated with post-mortem optical profilometry of the deposition patterns, the instantaneous particle volume fraction and hence the particle deposition rate can be determined. The results show that the stick-slip motion of the contact line is a strong function of the particle wettability. While the stick-slip motion is observed for nanoparticles that are less hydrophilic ( i.e. , particle contact angle θ ≈ 74° at the water–air interface), which results in a multiring deposition, a continuous receding of the contact line is observed for more hydrophilic nanoparticles ( i.e. , θ ≈ 34°), which leaves a single-ring pattern. A model is developed to predict the number of particles required to pin the contact line based on the force balance of the hydrodynamic drag, interparticle interactions, and surface tension acting on the particles near the contact line with varying particle wettability. A three-fold increase in the number of particles required for pinning is predicted when the particle wettability increases from the wetting angle of θ ≈ 74° to θ ≈ 34°. This finding explains why particles with greater wettability form a single-ring pattern and those with lower wettability form a multi-ring pattern. In addition, the particle deposition rate is found to depend on the particle wettability and vary with time.
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Is contact-line mobility a material parameter?
Abstract Dynamic wetting phenomena are typically described by a constitutive law relating the dynamic contact angleθto contact-line velocityUCL. The so-called Davis–Hocking model is noteworthy for its simplicity and relatesθtoUCLthrough a contact-line mobility parameterM, which has historically been used as a fitting parameter for the particular solid–liquid–gas system. The recent experimental discovery of Xia & Steen (2018) has led to the first direct measurement ofMfor inertial-capillary motions. This opens up exciting possibilities for anticipating rapid wetting and dewetting behaviors, asMis believed to be a material parameter that can be measured in one context and successfully applied in another. Here, we investigate the extent to whichMis a material parameter through a combined experimental and numerical study of binary sessile drop coalescence. Experiments are performed using water droplets on multiple surfaces with varying wetting properties (static contact angle and hysteresis) and compared with numerical simulations that employ the Davis–Hocking condition with the mobilityMa fixed parameter, as measured by the cyclically dynamic contact angle goniometer, i.e. no fitting parameter. Side-view coalescence dynamics and time traces of the projected swept areas are used as metrics to compare experiments with numerical simulation. Our results show that the Davis–Hocking model with measured mobility parameter captures the essential coalescence dynamics and outperforms the widely used Kistler dynamic contact angle model in many cases. These observations provide insights in that the mobility is indeed a material parameter.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1637960
- PAR ID:
- 10363118
- Publisher / Repository:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- npj Microgravity
- Volume:
- 8
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 2373-8065
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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