Serverless computing is a new pay-per-use cloud service paradigm that automates resource scaling for stateless functions and can potentially facilitate bursty machine learning serving. Batching is critical for latency performance and cost-effectiveness of machine learning inference, but unfortunately it is not supported by existing serverless platforms due to their stateless design. Our experiments show that without batching, machine learning serving cannot reap the benefits of serverless computing. In this paper, we present BATCH, a framework for supporting efficient machine learning serving on serverless platforms. BATCH uses an optimizer to provide inference tail latency guarantees and cost optimization and to enable adaptive batching support. We prototype BATCH atop of AWS Lambda and popular machine learning inference systems. The evaluation verifies the accuracy of the analytic optimizer and demonstrates performance and cost advantages over the state-of-the-art method MArk and the state-of-the-practice tool SageMaker.
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Optimizing inference serving on serverless platforms
Serverless computing is gaining popularity for machine learning (ML) serving workload due to its autonomous resource scaling, easy to use and pay-per-use cost model. Existing serverless platforms work well for image-based ML inference, where requests are homogeneous in service demands. That said, recent advances in natural language processing could not fully benefit from existing serverless platforms as their requests are intrinsically heterogeneous. Batching requests for processing can significantly increase ML serving efficiency while reducing monetary cost, thanks to the pay-per-use pricing model adopted by serverless platforms. Yet, batching heterogeneous ML requests leads to additional computation overhead as small requests need to be "padded" to the same size as large requests within the same batch. Reaching effective batching decisions (i.e., which requests should be batched together and why) is non-trivial: the padding overhead coupled with the serverless auto-scaling forms a complex optimization problem. To address this, we develop Multi-Buffer Serving (MBS), a framework that optimizes the batching of heterogeneous ML inference serving requests to minimize their monetary cost while meeting their service level objectives (SLOs). The core of MBS is a performance and cost estimator driven by analytical models supercharged by a Bayesian optimizer. MBS is prototyped and evaluated on AWS using bursty workloads. Experimental results show that MBS preserves SLOs while outperforming the state-of-the-art by up to 8 x in terms of cost savings while minimizing the padding overhead by up to 37 x with 3 x less number of serverless function invocations.
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- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10376913
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
- Volume:
- 15
- Issue:
- 10
- ISSN:
- 2150-8097
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 2071 to 2084
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.14778/3547305.3547313
