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1. Web Browser Security and Privacy

   Howard, Keseana; Muhammad, Jean (January 2022, ADMI 2022:The Symposium of Computing at Minority Institutions)

   This report will analyze issues related to web browser security and privacy. The web browser applications that will be looked at are Google Chrome, Bing, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, Safari, and Opera. In recent months web browsers have increased the number of daily users. With the increase in daily users who may not be as well versed in data security and privacy, comes an increase in attacks. This study will discuss the pros and cons of each web browser, how many have been hacked, how often they have been hacked, why they have been hacked, security flaws, and more. The study utilizes research and a user survey to make a proper analysis and provide recommendations on the topic. 

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2. Dark-Net Ecosystem Cyber-Threat Intelligence (CTI) Tool

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ISI.2019.8823501  

   Arnold, Nolan; Ebrahimi, Mohammadreza; Zhang, Ning; Lazarine, Ben; Patton, Mark; Chen, Hsinchun; Samtani, Sagar (July 2019, 2019 IEEE Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics)

   The frequency and costs of cyber-attacks are increasing each year. By the end of 2019, the total cost of data breaches is expected to reach $2.1 trillion through the evergrowing online presence of enterprises and their consumers. The tools to perform these attacks and the breached data can often be purchased within the Dark-net. Many of the threat actors within this realm use its various platforms to broker, discuss, and strategize these cyber-threat assets. To combat these attacks, researchers are developing Cyber-Threat Intelligence (CTI) tools to proactively monitor the ever-growing online hacker community. This paper will detail the creation and use of a CTI tool that leverages a social network to identify cyber-threats across major Dark-net data sources. Through this network, emerging threats can be quickly identified so proactive or reactive security measures can be implemented. 

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3. Exploring the synergy between hot-electron dynamics and active plasmonics: A perspective

   https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0216205  

   Goswami, Anjan; Kim, Andrew_S; Cai, Wenshan (September 2024, Journal of Applied Physics)

   Physical processes involving hot electrons, including their generation, transport, injection, and relaxation, have been an extensive area of research. The most widely utilized method for actuating the creation of hot electrons involves the excitation of plasmonic modes followed by their non-radiative decay, channeling the energy into these energetic carriers. Since plasmonics has already evolved into a mature field of scientific exploration, active plasmonic devices serve as an ideal platform to study hot-electron physics. In this Perspective article, we will provide the reader with a comprehensive outline of the physics underlying hot-electron dynamics. Emphasis will be placed on the characteristic timescales involved with the lifecycle of hot electrons, the generation and decay mechanisms of surface plasmon-induced hot electrons, and the material platforms suitable for such a study. Then, we will move on to discuss different temperature models used to explain the evolution of hot electrons and the changes in the optical properties of the materials they are generated in or injected into. Finally, we will focus on some of the interesting optical phenomena occurring at ultrafast timescales mediated by hot-carrier dynamics. Such a discussion is expected to incorporate valuable insights into our understanding of the synergistic relationship between hot-electron dynamics and active plasmonics, thereby paving the way for novel applications involving optoelectronics and energy conversion. 

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4. A sensitivity analysis of barrier island breaching

   https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811275135_0224  

   Beever, M. (January 2023, Coastal Sediments 2023)

   This paper will discuss the beginnings of a sensitivity analysis of barrier island breaching. The study area of Mantoloking, New Jersey, USA is used as the barrier island breached significantly during Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The numerical model XBeach is used to conduct this study. The study investigates the affects that back-bay currents, water-level timing, and barrier-island configuration have on barrier island breaching. 

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5. Review of Non-Destructive Civil Infrastructure Evaluation for Bridges: State-of-the-Art Robotic Platforms, Sensors and Algorithms

   https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143954  

   Ahmed, Habib; La, Hung; Gucunski, Nenad (July 2020, Sensors)

   he non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of civil infrastructure has been an active area of research in recent decades. The traditional inspection of civil infrastructure mostly relies on visual inspection using human inspectors. To facilitate this process, different sensors for data collection and techniques for data analyses have been used to effectively carry out this task in an automated fashion. This review-based study will examine some of the recent developments in the field of autonomous robotic platforms for NDE and the structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges. Some of the salient features of this review-based study will be discussed in the light of the existing surveys and reviews that have been published in the recent past, which will enable the clarification regarding the novelty of the present review-based study. The review methodology will be discussed in sufficient depth, which will provide insights regarding some of the primary aspects of the review methodology followed by this review-based study. In order to provide an in-depth examination of the state-of-the-art, the current research will examine the three major research streams. The first stream relates to technological robotic platforms developed for NDE of bridges. The second stream of literature examines myriad sensors used for the development of robotic platforms for the NDE of bridges. The third stream of literature highlights different algorithms for the surface- and sub-surface-level analysis of bridges that have been developed by studies in the past. A number of challenges towards the development of robotic platforms have also been discussed. 

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