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Abstract A novel approach is proposed to reveal a secret birth of enhanced circumstellar material (CSM) surrounding a collapsing massive star using neutrinos as a unique probe. In this scheme, nonthermal TeV-scale neutrinos produced in ejecta–CSM interactions are tied with thermal MeV neutrinos emitted from a pre-explosion burning process, based on a scenario that CSM had been formed via the presupernova activity. Taking a representative model of the presupernova neutrinos, the spectrum and light curve of the corresponding high-energy CSM neutrinos are calculated at multiple mass-loss efficiencies, which are considered as a systematic uncertainty. In addition, as a part of the method demonstration, the detected event rates along time at JUNO and IceCube, as representative detectors, are estimated for the presupernova and CSM neutrinos, respectively, and are compared with the expected background rate at each detector. The presented method is found to be reasonably applicable for the range up to ∼1 kpc and even farther with future experimental efforts. The potentialities of other neutrino detectors, such as SK-Gd, Hyper-Kamiokande, and KM3NeT, are also discussed. This is a pioneering work of performing astrophysics with neutrinos from diverse energy regimes, initiating multienergy neutrino astronomy in the forthcoming era where next-generation large-scale neutrino telescopes are operating.
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Simulating neutrino echoes induced by secret neutrino interactions
Abstract New neutrino interactions beyond the Standard Model (BSM) have been of much interest in not only particle physics but also cosmology and astroparticle physics. We numerically investigate the time delay distribution of astrophysical neutrinos that interact with the cosmic neutrino background. Using the Monte Carlo method, we develop a framework that enables us to simulate the time-dependent energy spectra of high-energy neutrinos that experience even multiple scatterings en route and to handle the sharp increase in the cross section at the resonance energy. As an example, we focus on the case of secret neutrino interactions with a scalar mediator. While we find the excellent agreement between analytical and simulation results for small optical depths, our simulations enable us to study optically thick cases that are not described by the simplest analytic estimates. Our simulations are used to understand effects of cosmological redshifts, neutrino spectra and flavors. The developments will be useful for probing BSM neutrino interactions with not only current neutrino detectors such as IceCube and Super-Kamiokande but also future neutrino detectors such as IceCube-Gen2 and Hyper-Kamiokande.
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- PAR ID:
- 10446777
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
- Volume:
- 2023
- Issue:
- 02
- ISSN:
- 1475-7516
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 042
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/02/042
