Abstract Large-eddy simulations (LES) are employed to investigate the role of time-varying currents on the form drag and vortex dynamics of submerged 3D topography in a stratified rotating environment. The current is of the form U c + U t sin(2 πf t t ), where U c is the mean, U t is the tidal component, and f t is its frequency. A conical obstacle is considered in the regime of low Froude number. When tides are absent, eddies are shed at the natural shedding frequency f s , c . The relative frequency is varied in a parametric study, which reveals states of high time-averaged form drag coefficient. There is a twofold amplification of the form drag coefficient relative to the no-tide ( U t = 0) case when lies between 0.5 and 1. The spatial organization of the near-wake vortices in the high drag states is different from a Kármán vortex street. For instance, the vortex shedding from the obstacle is symmetric when and strongly asymmetric when . The increase in form drag with increasing stems from bottom intensification of the pressure in the obstacle lee which we link to changes in flow separation and near-wake vortices.
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Tidal Synchronization of Lee Vortices in Geophysical Wakes
Wake vortices in tidally modulated currents past a conical hill in a stratified fluid are investigated using large‐eddy‐simulation. The vortex shedding frequency is altered from its natural steady‐current value leading to synchronization of wake vortices with the tide. The relative frequency (
- Award ID(s):
- 1737367
- PAR ID:
- 10447291
- Publisher / Repository:
- DOI PREFIX: 10.1029
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Volume:
- 48
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 0094-8276
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract Large eddy simulations are employed to investigate the role of tidal modulation strength on wake vortices and dissipation in flow past three‐dimensional topography, specifically a conical abyssal hill. The barotropic current is of the form
U c +U t sin(Ωt t ), whereU c andU t are the mean and oscillatory components, respectively, and Ωt is the tidal frequency. A regime with strong stratification and weak rotation is considered. The velocity ratioR =U t /U c is varied from 0 to 1. Simulation results show that the frequency of wake vortices reduces gradually with increasingR from its natural shedding frequency atR = 0 to Ωt /2 whenR ≥ 0.2. The ratio ofR and the excursion number, denoted as, controls the shift in the vortex frequency. When , vortices are trapped in the wake during tidal deceleration, extending the vortex shedding cycle to two tidal cycles. Elevated dissipation rates in the obstacle lee are observed in the lateral shear layer, hydraulic jet, and the near wake. The regions of strong dissipation are spatially intermittent, with values exceeding during the maximum‐velocity phase, where D is the base diameter of the hill. The maximum dissipation rate during the tidal cycle increases monotonically withR in the downstream wake. Additionally, the normalized area‐integrated dissipation rate in the hydraulic response region scales withR as (1 +R )4. Results show that the wake dissipation energetically dominates the internal wave flux in this class of low‐Froude number geophysical flows. -
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