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1. Digital Quantum Simulation of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics: Insights from Superconducting and Trapped Ion Quantum Testbeds

   Rubin, Alex H; Marinelli, Brian; Norman, Victoria A; Rizvi, Zainab; Burch, Ashlyn D; Naik, Ravi K; Kreikebaum, John_Mark; Chow, Matthew NH; Lobser, Daniel S; Revelle, Melissa C; et al (December 2024, arxiv)

   We explore the potential for hybrid development of quantum hardware where currently available quantum computers simulate open Cavity Quantum Electrodynamical (CQED) systems for applications in optical quantum communication, simulation and computing. Our simulations make use of a recent quantum algorithm that maps the dynamics of a singly excited open Tavis-Cummings model containing N atoms coupled to a lossy cavity. We report the results of executing this algorithm on two noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers: a superconducting processor and a trapped ion processor, to simulate the population dynamics of an open CQED system featuring N = 3 atoms. By applying technology-specific transpilation and error mitigation techniques, we minimize the impact of gate errors, noise, and decoherence in each hardware platform, obtaining results which agree closely with the exact solution of the system. These results can be used as a recipe for efficient and platform-specific quantum simulation of cavity-emitter systems on contemporary and future quantum computers. 

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2. Digital Tavis-Cummings Simulation on Superconducting Quantum Hardware with Error Mitigation

   https://doi.org/10.1364/QUANTUM.2023.QM2A.3  

   Marinelli, Brian; Rubin, Alex H.; Norman, Victoria A.; Rizvi, Zainab; Naik, Ravi; Santiago, David I.; Spitzer, Christopher; Kreikebaum, John Mark; Krstic-Marinkovic, Marina; Siddiqi, Irfan; et al (June 2023, Optica Publishing Group)

   We explore digital quantum simulation of the dynamics ofNemitters coupled to an optical cavity (Tavis-Cummings model) on superconducting quantum hardware and successfully mitigate errors using randomized compiling and noiseless output extrapolation methods. 

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3. From the quantum breakdown model to the lattice gauge theory

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s43673-024-00128-4  

   Hu, Yu-Min; Lian, Biao (December 2024, AAPPS Bulletin)

   Abstract The one-dimensional quantum breakdown model, which features spatially asymmetric fermionic interactions simulating the electrical breakdown phenomenon, exhibits an exponential U(1) symmetry and a variety of dynamical phases including many-body localization and quantum chaos with quantum scar states. We investigate the minimal quantum breakdown model with the minimal number of on-site fermion orbitals required for the interaction and identify a large number of local conserved charges in the model. We then reveal a mapping between the minimal quantum breakdown model in certain charge sectors and a quantum link model which simulates theU(1) lattice gauge theory and show that the local conserved charges map to the gauge symmetry generators. A special charge sector of the model further maps to the PXP model, which shows quantum many-body scars. This mapping unveils the rich dynamics in different Krylov subspaces characterized by different gauge configurations in the quantum breakdown model. 

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4. On-chip spin-orbit locking of quantum emitters in 2D materials for chiral emission

   https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.463481  

   Ma, Yichen; Zhao, Haoqi; Liu, Na; Gao, Zihe; Mohajerani, Seyed Sepehr; Xiao, Licheng; Hone, James; Feng, Liang; Strauf, Stefan (January 2022, Optica)

   Light carries both spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), which can be used as potential degrees of freedom for quantum information processing. Quantum emitters are ideal candidates towards on-chip control and manipulation of the full SAM–OAM state space. Here, we show coupling of a spin-polarized quantum emitter in a monolayer W S e 2 with the whispering gallery mode of a S i 3 N 4 ring resonator. The cavity mode carries a transverse SAM of σ = ± 1 in the evanescent regions, with the sign depending on the orbital power flow direction of the light. By tailoring the cavity–emitter interaction, we couple the intrinsic spin state of the quantum emitter to the SAM and propagation direction of the cavity mode, which leads to spin–orbit locking and subsequent chiral single-photon emission. Furthermore, by engineering how light is scattered from the WGM, we create a high-order Bessel beam which opens up the possibility to generate optical vortex carrying OAM states. 

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5. Error-detected quantum operations with neutral atoms mediated by an optical cavity

   https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adr7075  

   Grinkemeyer, Brandon; Guardado-Sanchez, Elmer; Dimitrova, Ivana; Shchepanovich, Danilo; Mandopoulou, G Eirini; Borregaard, Johannes; Vuletić, Vladan; Lukin, Mikhail D (March 2025, Science)

   Neutral-atom quantum processors are a promising platform for large-scale quantum computing. Integrating them with optical cavities enables fast nondestructive qubit readout and access to fast remote entanglement generation for quantum networking. In this work, we introduce a platform for coupling single atoms in optical tweezers to a Fabry-Perot fiber cavity. Leveraging the strong atom-cavity coupling, we demonstrated fast qubit-state readout with ${99.960}_{-24}^{+14}\%$fidelity and two methods for cavity-mediated entanglement generation with integrated error detection. First, we used cavity-carving to generate a Bell state with 91(4)% fidelity and a 32(1)% success rate (the number in parentheses is the standard deviation). Second, we performed a cavity-mediated gate with a deterministic entanglement fidelity of 52.5(18)%, increased to 76(2)% with error detection. Our approach provides a route toward modular quantum computing and networking. 

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