More Like this

1. Latest Results from the CUORE Experiment

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-022-02873-y  

   Nutini, I. ; Adams, D. Q. ; Alduino, C. ; Alfonso, K. ; Avignone, III, F. T. ; Azzolini, O. ; Bari, G. ; Bellini, F. ; Benato, G. ; Beretta, M. ; et al ( October 2022 , Journal of Low Temperature Physics)

   The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first cryogenic experiment searching for$$0\nu \beta \beta $$$0\nu \beta \beta$decay that has been able to reach the one-tonne mass scale. The detector, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, consists of an array of 988$${\mathrm{TeO}}_{2}$$${\mathrm{TeO}}_2$crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. CUORE began its first physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of about 10 mK and in April 2021 released its$$3{\mathrm{rd}}$$$3\mathrm{rd}$result of the search for$$0\nu \beta \beta $$$0\nu \beta \beta$, corresponding to a tonne-year of$$\mathrm{TeO}_{2}$$${\mathrm{TeO}}_2$exposure. This is the largest amount of data ever acquired with a solid state detector and the most sensitive measurement of$$0\nu \beta \beta $$$0\nu \beta \beta$decay in$${}^{130}\mathrm{Te}$$${}^{130}\mathrm{Te}$ever conducted . We present the current status of CUORE search for$$0\nu \beta \beta $$$0\nu \beta \beta$with the updated statistics of one tonne-yr. We finally give an update of the CUORE background model and the measurement of the$${}^{130}\mathrm{Te}$$${}^{130}\mathrm{Te}$$$2\nu \beta \beta $$$2\nu \beta \beta$decay half-life and decay to excited states of$${}^{130}\mathrm{Xe}$$${}^{130}\mathrm{Xe}$, studies performed using an exposure of 300.7 kg yr.

    

   more » « less
2. Separating $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ from $${^{40}\hbox {Ar}}$$ by cryogenic distillation with Aria for dark-matter searches

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09121-9  

   Agnes, P. ; Albergo, S. ; Albuquerque, I. F. M. ; Alexander, T. ; Alici, A. ; Alton, A. K. ; Amaudruz, P. ; Arba, M. ; Arpaia, P. ; Arcelli, S. ; et al ( April 2021 , The European Physical Journal C)

   Aria is a plant hosting a$${350}\,\hbox {m}$$$350\text{m}$cryogenic isotopic distillation column, the tallest ever built, which is being installed in a mine shaft at Carbosulcis S.p.A., Nuraxi-Figus (SU), Italy. Aria is one of the pillars of the argon dark-matter search experimental program, lead by the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration. It was designed to reduce the isotopic abundance of$${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$${}^{39}\text{Ar}$in argon extracted from underground sources, called Underground Argon (UAr), which is used for dark-matter searches. Indeed,$${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$${}^{39}\text{Ar}$is a$$\beta $$$\beta$-emitter of cosmogenic origin, whose activity poses background and pile-up concerns in the detectors. In this paper, we discuss the requirements, design, construction, tests, and projected performance of the plant for the isotopic cryogenic distillation of argon. We also present the successful results of the isotopic cryogenic distillation of nitrogen with a prototype plant.

    

   more » « less
3. Borexino’s search for low-energy neutrinos associated with gravitational wave events from GWTC-3 database: Borexino Collaboration

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11688-4  

   Basilico, D. ; Bellini, G. ; Benziger, J. ; Biondi, R. ; Caccianiga, B. ; Calaprice, F. ; Caminata, A. ; Chepurnov, A. ; D’Angelo, D. ; Derbin, A. ; et al ( June 2023 , The European Physical Journal C)

   The search for neutrino events in correlation with gravitational wave (GW) events for three observing runs (O1, O2 and O3) from 09/2015 to 03/2020 has been performed using the Borexino data-set of the same period. We have searched for signals of neutrino-electron scattering and inverse beta-decay (IBD) within a time window of$$\pm \, 1000$$$\pm 1000$ s centered at the detection moment of a particular GW event. The search was done with three visible energy thresholds of 0.25, 0.8 and 3.0 MeV. Two types of incoming neutrino spectra were considered: the mono-energetic line and the supernova-like spectrum. GW candidates originated by merging binaries of black holes (BHBH), neutron stars (NSNS) and neutron star and black hole (NSBH) were analyzed separately. Additionally, the subset of most intensive BHBH mergers at closer distances and with larger radiative mass than the rest was considered. In total, follow-ups of 74 out of 93 gravitational waves reported in the GWTC-3 catalog were analyzed and no statistically significant excess over the background was observed. As a result, the strongest upper limits on GW-associated neutrino and antineutrino fluences for all flavors ($$\nu _e, \nu _\mu , \nu _\tau $$${\nu }_e,{\nu }_{\mu },{\nu }_{\tau }$) at the level$$10^9{-}10^{15}~\textrm{cm}^{-2}\,\textrm{GW}^{-1}$$${10}^9-{10}^{15}{\text{cm}}^{-2}{\text{GW}}^{-1}$have been obtained in the 0.5–5 MeV neutrino energy range.

    

   more » « less
4. Semileptonic form factors for $$B\rightarrow D^*\ell \nu $$ at nonzero recoil from $$2+1$$-flavor lattice QCD: Fermilab Lattice and MILC Collaborations

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10984-9  

   Bazavov, A. ; DeTar, C. E. ; Du, D. ; El-Khadra, A. X. ; Gámiz, E. ; Gelzer, Z. ; Gottlieb, S. ; Heller, U. M. ; Kronfeld, A. S. ; Laiho, J. ; et al ( December 2022 , The European Physical Journal C)

   We present the first unquenched lattice-QCD calculation of the form factors for the decay$$B\rightarrow D^*\ell \nu $$$B\to D^{\ast }\ell \nu$at nonzero recoil. Our analysis includes 15 MILC ensembles with$$N_f=2+1$$$N_f=2+1$flavors of asqtad sea quarks, with a strange quark mass close to its physical mass. The lattice spacings range from$$a\approx 0.15$$$a\approx 0.15$fm down to 0.045 fm, while the ratio between the light- and the strange-quark masses ranges from 0.05 to 0.4. The valencebandcquarks are treated using the Wilson-clover action with the Fermilab interpretation, whereas the light sector employs asqtad staggered fermions. We extrapolate our results to the physical point in the continuum limit using rooted staggered heavy-light meson chiral perturbation theory. Then we apply a model-independent parametrization to extend the form factors to the full kinematic range. With this parametrization we perform a joint lattice-QCD/experiment fit using several experimental datasets to determine the CKM matrix element$$|V_{cb}|$$$|V_{\mathrm{cb}}|$. We obtain$$\left| V_{cb}\right| = (38.40 \pm 0.68_{\text {th}} \pm 0.34_{\text {exp}} \pm 0.18_{\text {EM}})\times 10^{-3}$$$\left(V_{\mathrm{cb}}\right)=(38.40\pm 0.{68}_{\text{th}}\pm 0.{34}_{\text{exp}}\pm 0.{18}_{\text{EM}})\times {10}^{-3}$. The first error is theoretical, the second comes from experiment and the last one includes electromagnetic and electroweak uncertainties, with an overall$$\chi ^2\text {/dof} = 126/84$$${\chi }^2\text{/dof}=126/84$, which illustrates the tensions between the experimental data sets, and between theory and experiment. This result is in agreement with previous exclusive determinations, but the tension with the inclusive determination remains. Finally, we integrate the differential decay rate obtained solely from lattice data to predict$$R(D^*) = 0.265 \pm 0.013$$$R\left(D^{\ast }\right)=0.265\pm 0.013$, which confirms the current tension between theory and experiment.

    

   more » « less
5. Green function estimates on complements of low-dimensional uniformly rectifiable sets

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-022-02379-8  

   David, Guy ; Feneuil, Joseph ; Mayboroda, Svitlana ( March 2022 , Mathematische Annalen)

   It has been recently established in David and Mayboroda (Approximation of green functions and domains with uniformly rectifiable boundaries of all dimensions.arXiv:2010.09793) that on uniformly rectifiable sets the Green function is almost affine in the weak sense, and moreover, in some scenarios such Green function estimates are equivalent to the uniform rectifiability of a set. The present paper tackles a strong analogue of these results, starting with the “flagship degenerate operators on sets with lower dimensional boundaries. We consider the elliptic operators$$L_{\beta ,\gamma } =- {\text {div}}D^{d+1+\gamma -n} \nabla $$$L_{\beta ,\gamma }=-\text{div}{D}^{d+1+\gamma -n}\nabla$associated to a domain$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$$\Omega \subset R^n$with a uniformly rectifiable boundary$$\Gamma $$$\Gamma$of dimension$$d < n-1$$$d<n-1$, the now usual distance to the boundary$$D = D_\beta $$$D=D_{\beta }$given by$$D_\beta (X)^{-\beta } = \int _{\Gamma } |X-y|^{-d-\beta } d\sigma (y)$$$D_{\beta }{\left(X\right)}^{-\beta }={\int }_{\Gamma }{|X-y|}^{-d-\beta }d\sigma \left(y\right)$for$$X \in \Omega $$$X\in \Omega$, where$$\beta >0$$$\beta >0$and$$\gamma \in (-1,1)$$$\gamma \in (-1,1)$. In this paper we show that the Green functionGfor$$L_{\beta ,\gamma }$$$L_{\beta ,\gamma }$, with pole at infinity, is well approximated by multiples of$$D^{1-\gamma }$$$D^{1-\gamma }$, in the sense that the function$$\big | D\nabla \big (\ln \big ( \frac{G}{D^{1-\gamma }} \big )\big )\big |^2$$$|D\nabla (ln(\frac{G}{D^{1-\gamma }})){|}^2$satisfies a Carleson measure estimate on$$\Omega $$$\Omega$. We underline that the strong and the weak results are different in nature and, of course, at the level of the proofs: the latter extensively used compactness arguments, while the present paper relies on some intricate integration by parts and the properties of the “magical distance function from David et al. (Duke Math J, to appear).

    

   more » « less