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Title: The flexural strength of bonded ice
Abstract. The flexural strength of ice surfaces bonded by freezing, termedfreeze bond, was studied by performing four-point bending tests of bondedfreshwater S2 columnar-grained ice samples in the laboratory. The sampleswere prepared by milling the surfaces of two ice pieces, wetting two of thesurfaces with water of varying salinity, bringing these surfaces together,and then letting them freeze under a compressive stress of about 4 kPa. Thesalinity of the water used for wetting the surfaces to generate the bondvaried from 0 to 35 ppt (parts per thousand). Freezing occurred in air under temperatures varyingfrom −25 to −3 ∘C over periods that varied from 0.5 to∼ 100 h. Results show that an increase in bond salinity ortemperature leads to a decrease in bond strength. The trend for the bondstrength as a function of salinity is similar to that presented in Timco andO'Brien (1994) for saline ice. No freezing occurs at −3 ∘C oncethe salinity of the water used to generate the bond exceeds ∼ 25 ppt. The strength of the saline ice bonds levels off (i.e., saturates)within 6–12 h of freezing; bonds formed from freshwater reach strengthsthat are comparable or higher than that of the parent material in less than0.5 h.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1947107
PAR ID:
10494407
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
Copernicus
Date Published:
Journal Name:
The Cryosphere
Volume:
15
Issue:
6
ISSN:
1994-0424
Page Range / eLocation ID:
2957 to 2967
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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