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1. Search for dark matter from the center of the Earth with 10 years of IceCube data

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14144-7  

   Abbasi, R; Ackermann, M; Adams, J; Agarwalla, S K; Aguilar, J A; Ahlers, M; Alameddine, J M; Amin, N M; Andeen, K; Argüelles, C; et al (May 2025, The European Physical Journal C)

   Abstract The nature of dark matter remains unresolved in fundamental physics. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), which could explain the nature of dark matter, can be captured by celestial bodies like the Sun or Earth, leading to enhanced self-annihilation into Standard Model particles including neutrinos detectable by neutrino telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. This article presents a search for muon neutrinos from the center of the Earth performed with 10 years of IceCube data using a track-like event selection. We considered a number of WIMP annihilation channels ($$\chi \chi \rightarrow \tau ^+\tau ^-$$ $\chi \chi \to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$/$$W^+W^-$$ $W^{+}{W}^{-}$/$$b\bar{b}$$ $b\overline{b}$) and masses ranging from 10 GeV to 10 TeV. No significant excess over background due to a dark matter signal was found while the most significant result corresponds to the annihilation channel$$\chi \chi \rightarrow b\bar{b}$$ $\chi \chi \to b\overline{b}$for the mass$$m_{\chi }=250$$ $m_{\chi }=250$ GeV with a post-trial significance of$$1.06\sigma $$ $1.06\sigma$. Our results are competitive with previous such searches and direct detection experiments. Our upper limits on the spin-independent WIMP scattering are world-leading among neutrino telescopes for WIMP masses$$m_{\chi }>100$$ $m_{\chi }>100$ GeV. 

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2. Limits on Astrophysical Antineutrinos with the KamLAND Experiment

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac32c1  

   Abe, S.; Asami, S.; Gando, A.; Gando, Y.; Gima, T.; Goto, A.; Hachiya, T.; Hata, K.; Hayashida, S.; Hosokawa, K.; et al (January 2022, The Astrophysical Journal)

   Abstract We report on a search for electron antineutrinos ( ${\overline{\nu }}_e$) from astrophysical sources in the neutrino energy range 8.3–30.8 MeV with the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 6.72 kton-year of the liquid scintillator, we observe 18 candidate events via the inverse beta decay reaction. Although there is a large background uncertainty from neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, we find no significant excess over background model predictions. Assuming several supernova relic neutrino spectra, we give upper flux limits of 60–110 cm⁻²s⁻¹(90% confidence level, CL) in the analysis range and present a model-independent flux. We also set limits on the annihilation rates for light dark matter pairs to neutrino pairs. These data improve on the upper probability limit of⁸B solar neutrinos converting into ${\overline{\nu }}_e$, $P_{{\nu }_e\to {\overline{\nu }}_e}<3.5\times {10}^{-5}$(90% CL) assuming an undistorted ${\overline{\nu }}_e$shape. This corresponds to a solar ${\overline{\nu }}_e$flux of 60 cm⁻²s⁻¹(90% CL) in the analysis energy range. 

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3. Forming molecular states with hadronic rescattering

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00650-1  

   Ilten, Philip; Utheim, Marius (January 2022, The European Physical Journal A)

   Abstract A method for modelling the prompt production of molecular states using the hadronic rescattering framework of the general-purpose Pythia event generator is introduced. Production cross sections of possible exotic hadronic molecules via hadronic rescattering at the LHC are calculated for the$$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$ ${\chi }_{c1}\left(3872\right)$resonance, a possible tetraquark state, as well as three possible pentaquark states,$$P_c^+(4312)$$ $P_c^{+}\left(4312\right)$,$$P_c^+(4440)$$ $P_c^{+}\left(4440\right)$, and$$P_c^+(4457)$$ $P_c^{+}\left(4457\right)$. For the$$P_c^+$$ $P_c^{+}$states, the expected cross section from$$\Lambda _b$$ ${\Lambda }_b$decays is compared to the hadronic-rescattering production. The$$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$ ${\chi }_{c1}\left(3872\right)$cross section is compared to the fiducial$$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$ ${\chi }_{c1}\left(3872\right)$cross-section measurement by LHCb and found to contribute at a level of$${\mathcal {O}({1\%})}$$ $O\left(1\%\right)$. Finally, the expected yields of$$\mathrm {P_c^{+}}$$ $P_c^{+}$production from hadronic rescattering during Run 3 of LHCb are estimated. The prompt background is found to be significantly larger than the prompt$$\mathrm {P_c^{+}}$$ $P_c^{+}$signal from hadronic rescattering. 

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4. Search for Neutrino Emission from Hard X-Ray AGN with IceCube

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada94b  

   Abbasi, R; Ackermann, M; Adams, J; Agarwalla, S K; Aguilar, J A; Ahlers, M; Alameddine, JM; Amin, N M; Andeen, K; Argüelles, C; et al (March 2025, The Astrophysical Journal)

   Abstract Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are promising candidate sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, since they provide environments rich in matter and photon targets where cosmic-ray interactions may lead to the production of gamma rays and neutrinos. We searched for high-energy neutrino emission from AGN using the Swift-BAT Spectroscopic Survey catalog of hard X-ray sources and 12 yr of IceCube muon track data. First, upon performing a stacked search, no significant emission was found. Second, we searched for neutrinos from a list of 43 candidate sources and found an excess from the direction of two sources, the Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151. We observed NGC 1068 at flux ${\varphi }_{{\nu }_{\mu }+{\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }}$= $4.02_{-1.52}^{+1.58}\times 10^{-11}$TeV⁻¹cm⁻²s⁻¹normalized at 1 TeV, with a power-law spectral indexγ= 3.10 ${}_{-0.22}^{+0.26}$, consistent with previous IceCube results. The observation of a neutrino excess from the direction of NGC 4151 is at a posttrial significance of 2.9σ. If interpreted as an astrophysical signal, the excess observed from NGC 4151 corresponds to a flux ${\varphi }_{{\nu }_{\mu }+{\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }}$= $1.51_{-0.81}^{+0.99}\times 10^{-11}$TeV⁻¹cm⁻²s⁻¹normalized at 1 TeV andγ= 2.83 ${}_{-0.28}^{+0.35}$. 

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5. CUPID, the Cuore upgrade with particle identification

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14352-1  

   Alfonso, K; Armatol, A; Augier, C; Avignone_III, F T; Azzolini, O; Barabash, A S; Bari, G; Barresi, A; Baudin, D; Bellini, F; et al (July 2025, The European Physical Journal C)

   Abstract CUPID, the CUORE Upgrade with Particle Identification, is a next-generation experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($$0\mathrm {\nu \beta \beta }$$ $0\nu \beta \beta$) and other rare events using enriched Li$$_{2}$$ $_2^{}$$$^{100}$$ $_{}^{100}$MoO$$_{4}$$ $_4^{}$scintillating bolometers. It will be hosted by the CUORE cryostat located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The main physics goal of CUPID is to search for$$0\mathrm {\nu \beta \beta }$$ $0\nu \beta \beta$of$$^{100}$$ $_{}^{100}$Mo with a discovery sensitivity covering the full neutrino mass regime in the inverted ordering scenario, as well as the portion of the normal ordering regime with lightest neutrino mass larger than 10 meV. With a conservative background index of 10$$^{-4}$$ $_{}^{-4}$ cts$$/($$ $/($keV$$\cdot $$ $·$kg$$\cdot $$ $·$yr$$)$$ $)$, 240 kg isotope mass, 5 keV FWHM energy resolution at 3 MeV and 10 live-years of data taking, CUPID will have a 90% C.L. half-life exclusion sensitivity of$$1.8\cdot 10^{27}$$ $1.8·{10}^{27}$ yr, corresponding to an effective Majorana neutrino mass ($$m_{\beta \beta }$$ $m_{\beta \beta }$) sensitivity of 9–15 meV, and a$$3\sigma $$ $3\sigma$discovery sensitivity of$$1\cdot 10^{27}$$ $1·{10}^{27}$ yr, corresponding to an$$m_{\beta \beta }$$ $m_{\beta \beta }$range of 12–21 meV. 

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