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1. Towards the understanding of the genuine three-body interaction for p–p–p and p–p–$$\Lambda $$

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-00998-6  

   Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A.; Aglieri Rinella, G.; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, N.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, S.; Ahn, S. U.; Ahuja, I.; et al (July 2023, The European Physical Journal A)

   Abstract Three-body nuclear forces play an important role in the structure of nuclei and hypernuclei and are also incorporated in models to describe the dynamics of dense baryonic matter, such as in neutron stars. So far, only indirect measurements anchored to the binding energies of nuclei can be used to constrain the three-nucleon force, and if hyperons are considered, the scarce data on hypernuclei impose only weak constraints on the three-body forces. In this work, we present the first direct measurement of the p–p–p and p–p– $$\Lambda $$ Λ systems in terms of three-particle correlation functions carried out for pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV. Three-particle cumulants are extracted from the correlation functions by applying the Kubo formalism, where the three-particle interaction contribution to these correlations can be isolated after subtracting the known two-body interaction terms. A negative cumulant is found for the p–p–p system, hinting to the presence of a residual three-body effect while for p–p– $$\Lambda $$ Λ the cumulant is consistent with zero. This measurement demonstrates the accessibility of three-baryon correlations at the LHC. 

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2. Study of the p–p–K$$^{+}$$ and p–p–K$$^{-}$$ dynamics using the femtoscopy technique

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01139-9  

   Acharya, S; Adamová, D; Adler, A; Aglieri_Rinella, G; Agnello, M; Agrawal, N; Ahammed, Z; Ahmad, S; Ahn, S U; Ahuja, I; et al (December 2023, The European Physical Journal A)

   Abstract The interactions of kaons (K) and antikaons ($$\mathrm {\overline{K}}$$ $\overline{K}$) with few nucleons (N) were studied so far using kaonic atom data and measurements of kaon production and interaction yields in nuclei. Some details of the three-body KNN and$$\mathrm {\overline{K}}$$ $\overline{K}$NN dynamics are still not well understood, mainly due to the overlap with multi-nucleon interactions in nuclei. An alternative method to probe the dynamics of three-body systems with kaons is to study the final state interaction within triplet of particles emitted in pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, which are free from effects due to the presence of bound nucleons. This Letter reports the first femtoscopic study of p–p–K$$^+$$ ${}^{+}$and p–p–K$$^-$$ ${}^{-}$correlations measured in high-multiplicity pp collisions at$$\sqrt{s}$$ $\sqrt{s}$= 13 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. The analysis shows that the measured p–p–K$$^+$$ ${}^{+}$and p–p–K$$^-$$ ${}^{-}$correlation functions can be interpreted in terms of pairwise interactions in the triplets, indicating that the dynamics of such systems is dominated by the two-body interactions without significant contributions from three-body effects or bound states. 

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3. Asymptotic properties of maximal p-core p′-partitions

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2022.105685  

   Das, Sanjana (January 2023, Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A)
4. Revision of pyrophilous taxa of Pholiota described from North America reveals four species—P. brunnescens, P. castanea, P. highlandensis, and P. molesta

   https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1516960  

   Matheny, P. Brandon; Swenie, Rachel A.; Miller, Andrew N.; Petersen, Ronald H. Hughes (November 2018, Mycologia)

   A systematic reevaluation of North American pyrophilous or “burn-loving” species of Pholiota is presented based on molecular and morphological examination of type and historical collections. Confusion surrounds application of the names P. brunnescens, P. carbonaria, P. castanea, P. fulvozonata, P. highlandensis, P. molesta, and P. subsaponacea, with multiple names applied to a single species and multiple species described more than once. Molecular annotations using nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS] barcode) and RPB2 (RNA polymerase II second largest subunit) are used to aid in application of these names in a phylogenetic context. Based on ITS molecular annotations of 13 types, the following heterotypic synonymies are proposed: P. highlandensis (syn. P. carbonaria and P. fulvozonata); P. molesta (syn. P. subsaponacea); and P. brunnescens (syn. P. luteobadia). In addition, we observed that the species P. castanea, known previously only from the type collection in Tennessee, is found commonly on burned sites near the Gulf Coast and other southeast regions of the United States. Overall, the pyrophilous trait is evolutionarily derived in Pholiota. Endophytic and endolichenic stages were deduced for P. highlandensis, the most widely distributed of the pyrophilous Pholiota. As a result, we introduce the “body snatchers” hypothesis that explains the maintenance of some pyrophilous fungi in ecosystems as endophytes and/or endolichenic fungi. Photographs, taxonomic descriptions, and a dichotomous key to pyrophilous species of Pholiota that occur in North America are presented. 

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5. Jacobians of $$W^{1,p}$$ homeomorphisms, case $$p=[n/2]$$

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-019-1554-8  

   Goldstein, Paweł; Hajłasz, Piotr (August 2019, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations)