We develop a geometric mechanism to prove the existence of orbits that drift along a prescribed sequence of cylinders, under some general conditions on the dynamics. This mechanism can be used to prove the existence of Arnold diffusion for large families of perturbations of Tonelli Hamiltonians on A^3. Our approach can also be applied to more general Hamiltonians that are not necessarily convex. The main geometric objects in our framework are –dimensional invariant cylinders with boundary (not necessarily hyperbolic), which are assumed to admit center-stable and center-unstable manifolds. These enable us to define chains of cylinders, i.e., finite, ordered families of cylinders where each cylinder admits homoclinic connections, and any two consecutive cylinders in the chain admit heteroclinic connections. Our main result is on the existence of diffusing orbits which drift along such chains of cylinders, under precise conditions on the dynamics on the cylinders – i.e., the existence of Poincaré sections with the return maps satisfying a tilt condition – and on the geometric properties of the intersections of the center-stable and center-unstable manifolds of the cylinders – i.e., certain compatibility conditions between the tilt map and the homoclinic maps associated to its essential invariant circles. We give two proofs of our result, a very short and abstract one, and a more constructive one, aimed at possible applications to concrete systems.
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Arnold diffusion in the elliptic Hill four-body problem: geometric method and numerical verification
We present a mechanism for Arnold diffusion in energy in a model of the elliptic Hill four-body problem. Our model is expressed as a small perturbation of the circular Hill four-body problem, with the small parameter being the eccentricity of the orbits of the primaries. The mechanism relies on the existence of two normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds (NHIM's), and on the corresponding homoclinic and heteroclinic connections. The dynamics along homoclinic/heteroclinic orbits is encoded via scattering maps, which we compute numerically. Having several scattering maps, at each point we select the scattering map that gives the largest gain in energy or the scattering map that gives the smallest loss in energy. Using Birkhoff's Ergodic Theorem we show that there are pseudo-orbits generated by the selected scattering maps along which, on average, the energy grows by an amount independent of the small parameter. A shadowing lemma yields the existence of diffusing orbits.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2307718
- PAR ID:
- 10519250
- Publisher / Repository:
- IOP
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Nonlinearity
- ISSN:
- 2573-1793
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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