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1. On realizations of the subalgebra 𝒜^{ℝ}(1) of the ℝ-motivic Steenrod algebra

   https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/114  

   Bhattacharya, P.; Guillou, B.; Li, A. (July 2022, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   In this paper, we show that the finite subalgebra A R ( 1 ) \mathcal {A}^\mathbb {R}(1) , generated by S q 1 \mathrm {Sq}^1 and S q 2 \mathrm {Sq}^2 , of the R \mathbb {R} -motivic Steenrod algebra A R \mathcal {A}^\mathbb {R} can be given 128 different A R \mathcal {A}^\mathbb {R} -module structures. We also show that all of these A \mathcal {A} -modules can be realized as the cohomology of a 2 2 -local finite R \mathbb {R} -motivic spectrum. The realization results are obtained using an R \mathbb {R} -motivic analogue of the Toda realization theorem. We notice that each realization of A R ( 1 ) \mathcal {A}^\mathbb {R}(1) can be expressed as a cofiber of an R \mathbb {R} -motivic v 1 v_1 -self-map. The C 2 {\mathrm {C}_2} -equivariant analogue of the above results then follows because of the Betti realization functor. We identify a relationship between the R O ( C 2 ) \mathrm {RO}({\mathrm {C}_2}) -graded Steenrod operations on a C 2 {\mathrm {C}_2} -equivariant space and the classical Steenrod operations on both its underlying space and its fixed-points. This technique is then used to identify the geometric fixed-point spectra of the C 2 {\mathrm {C}_2} -equivariant realizations of A C 2 ( 1 ) \mathcal {A}^{\mathrm {C}_2}(1) . We find another application of the R \mathbb {R} -motivic Toda realization theorem: we produce an R \mathbb {R} -motivic, and consequently a C 2 {\mathrm {C}_2} -equivariant, analogue of the Bhattacharya-Egger spectrum Z \mathcal {Z} , which could be of independent interest. 

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2. New Variants of Arithmetic Quantum Ergodicity

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-024-05203-3  

   Humphries, Peter; Thorner, Jesse (March 2025, Communications in Mathematical Physics)

   Abstract We establish two new variants of arithmetic quantum ergodicity. The first is for self-dual$$\textrm{GL}_2$$ ${\text{GL}}_2$Hecke–Maaß newforms over$$\mathbb {Q}$$ $Q$as the level and Laplace eigenvalue vary jointly. The second is a nonsplit analogue wherein almost all restrictions of Hilbert (respectively Bianchi) Hecke–Maaß cusp forms to the modular surface dissipate as their Laplace eigenvalues grow. 

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3. Torsion Invariants of complexes of groups

   https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2023-0024  

   Okun, Boris; Schreve, K (February 2024, Duke)

   Hain, Richard (Ed.)

   Suppose a residually finite group G acts cocompactly on a contractible complex with strict fundamental domain Q, where the stabilizers are either trivial or have normal Z-subgroups. Let dQ be the subcomplex of Q with nontrivial stabilizers. Our main result is a computation of the homology torsion growth of a chain of finite index normal subgroups of G. We show that independent of the chain, the normalized torsion limits to the torsion of dQ shifted a degree. Under milder assumptions of acyclicity of nontrivial stabilizers, we show similar formulas for the mod p-homology growth. We also obtain formulas for the universal and the usual L^2-torsion of G in terms of the torsion of stabilizers and topology of dQ. In particular, we get complete answers for right-angled Artin groups, which shows that they satisfy a torsion analogue of Lück’s approximation theorem. 

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4. On the Okounkov–Olshanski formula for standard tableaux of skew shapes

   Morales, A. H.; Zhu, D. (July 2020, Séminaire lotharingien de combinatoire)

   The classical hook-length formula counts the number of standard tableaux of straight shapes, but there is no known product formula for skew shapes. Okounkov– Olshanski (1996) and Naruse (2014) found new positive formulas for the number of standard Young tableaux of a skew shape. We prove various properties of the Okounkov– Olshanski formula: a reformulation similar to the Naruse formula, determinantal formulas for the number of terms, and a q-analogue extending the formula to reverse plane partitions, which complements work by Chen and Stanley for semistandard tableaux. 

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5. Hausdorff Dimension of Caloric Measure

   https://doi.org/10.1353/ajm.2025.a954648  

   Badger, Matthew; Genschaw, Alyssa (April 2025, American Journal of Mathematics)

   abstract: We examine caloric measures $$\omega$$ on general domains in $$\RR^{n+1}=\RR^n\times\RR$$ (space $$\times$$ time) from the perspective of geometric measure theory. On one hand, we give a direct proof of a consequence of a theorem of Taylor and Watson (1985) that the lower parabolic Hausdorff dimension of $$\omega$$ is at least $$n$$ and $$\omega\ll\Haus^n$$. On the other hand, we prove that the upper parabolic Hausdorff dimension of $$\omega$$ is at most $$n+2-\beta_n$$, where $$\beta_n>0$$ depends only on $$n$$. Analogous bounds for harmonic measures were first shown by Nevanlinna (1934) and Bourgain (1987). Heuristically, we show that the \emph{density} of obstacles in a cube needed to make it unlikely that a Brownian motion started outside of the cube exits a domain near the center of the cube must be chosen according to the ambient dimension. In the course of the proof, we give a caloric measure analogue of Bourgain's alternative: for any constants $$0<\epsilon\ll_n \delta<1/2$ and closed set $$E\subset\RR^{n+1}$$, either (i) $$E\cap Q$$ has relatively large caloric measure in $$Q\setminus E$$ for every pole in $$F$$ or (ii) $$E\cap Q_*$$ has relatively small $$\rho$$-dimensional parabolic Hausdorff content for every $$n<\rho\leq n+2$$, where $$Q$$ is a cube, $$F$$ is a subcube of $$Q$$ aligned at the center of the top time-face, and $$Q_*$$ is a subcube of $$Q$$ that is close to, but separated backwards-in-time from $$F$$: \begin{gather*} Q=(-1/2,1/2)^n\times (-1,0),\quad F=[-1/2+\delta,1/2-\delta]^n\times[-\epsilon^2,0),\\[2pt] \text{and }Q_*=[-1/2+\delta,1/2-\delta]^n\times[-3\epsilon^2,-2\epsilon^2]. \end{gather*} Further, we supply a version of the strong Markov property for caloric measures. 

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