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Despite the significant advancements in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown limitations in performing complex tasks that require arithmetic, commonsense, and symbolic reasoning. Reasoning frameworks like ReAct, Chain-of-thought (CoT), Tree-of-thoughts (ToT), etc. have shown success but with limitations in solving long-form complex tasks. To address this, we propose a knowledge-sharing and collaborative multi-agent assisted framework on LLMs that leverages the capabilities of existing reasoning frameworks and the collaborative skills of multi-agent systems (MASs). The objectives of the proposed framework are to overcome the limitations of LLMs, enhance their reasoning capabilities, and improve their performance in complex tasks. It involves generating natural language rationales and in-context few-shot learning via prompting, and integrates the reasoning techniques with efficient knowledge-sharing and communication driven agent networks. The potential benefits of the proposed framework include saving time and money, improved efficiency for computationally intensive reasoning, and the ability to incorporate multiple collaboration strategies for dynamically changing environments.
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Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in performing complex tasks. Moreover, recent research has shown that incorporating human-annotated rationales (e.g., Chain-of-Thought prompting) during in-context learning can significantly enhance the performance of these models, particularly on tasks that require reasoning capabilities. However, incorporating such rationales poses challenges in terms of scalability as this requires a high degree of human involvement. In this work, we present a novel framework, Amplifying Model Performance by Leveraging In-Context Learning with Post Hoc Explanations (AMPLIFY), which addresses the aforementioned challenges by automating the process of rationale generation. To this end, we leverage post hoc explanation methods which output attribution scores (explanations) capturing the influence of each of the input features on model predictions. More specifically, we construct automated natural language rationales that embed insights from post hoc explanations to provide corrective signals to LLMs. Extensive experimentation with real-world datasets demonstrates that our framework, AMPLIFY, leads to prediction accuracy improvements of about 10-25% over a wide range of tasks, including those where prior approaches which rely on human-annotated rationales such as Chain-of-Thought prompting fall short. Our work makes one of the first attempts at highlighting the potential of post hoc explanations as valuable tools for enhancing the effectiveness of LLMs. Furthermore, we conduct additional empirical analyses and ablation studies to demonstrate the impact of each of the components of AMPLIFY, which, in turn, lead to critical insights for refining in context learning.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2008956
- PAR ID:
- 10526006
- Publisher / Repository:
- Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (NeurIPS 2023)
- Date Published:
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- New Orleans, LA
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
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